Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 1581: Aortic regurgitation presenting with a murmur during **diastole only** is _____, whereas a murmur heard during both **diastole and systole** indicates severe disease.

Answer: mild

Extra: Chronic aortic regurgitation leads to left ventricular volume overload and eccentric hypertrophy (dilation), resulting in a displaced PMI. The systolic component in severe AR is typically a flow murmur across the aortic valve due to the high stroke volume.

Flashcard 1582: What is the likely diagnosis in a patient with anemia, painful osteolytic lesions, hypercalcemia, and recurrent infections? _____

Answer: Multiple myeloma

Flashcard 1583: What is the recommended treatment for a patient with symptomatic SVC syndrome secondary to lung malignancy? _____

Answer: Radiation therapy

Flashcard 1584: ↓ PTH and ↑ [Ca]: _____

Answer: PTH-independent hypercalcemia (cancer, granulomatous, vit D intoxication)

Flashcard 1585: Blood pressures should be lowered slowly (10-20% in the first hour) for hypertensive emergency due to possibility of _____

Answer: hypoperfusion

Flashcard 1586: What is the likely diagnosis in an older patient with significant smoking history that presents with hypercalcemia and low PTH? _____

Answer: Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy

Flashcard 1587: Clopidogrel is indicated for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis\n_____

Answer: F

Flashcard 1588: Periorbital edema, ↓ reflexes/muscle weakness, bradycardia, weight gain and menorrhagia is seen in _____

Answer: hypothyroidism

Flashcard 1589: When a patient comes in with galactorrhea and amenorrhea, you should first screen her _____ level and order a(n) _____ if it's elevated

Answer: prolactin

Flashcard 1590: Reversible bronchoconstriction and inflammation of airways is characteristic of _____

Answer: asthma