Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 1311: Gout = _____

Answer: uric acid stones

Flashcard 1312: _____ = raised, sharp edges with good demarcation _____ = flat edges with poor demarcation

Answer: Erysipelas

Flashcard 1313: protein C / S deficiency = ↑ risk of _____

Answer: thrombosis

Flashcard 1314: _____ syndrome is a pathology of the spinal nerve roots (distal to the conus medullaris) that results in asymmetric motor weakness

Answer: Cauda equina

Extra: Cauda equina syndrome is a lower motor neuron lesion affecting the nerve roots distal to the spinal cord (conus medullaris). It typically presents with asymmetric weakness, saddle anesthesia, and late-onset bowel/bladder dysfunction.

Flashcard 1315: What classic fundoscopic sign of glaucoma is characterized by an enlarged cup-to-disc ratio?\n_____

Answer: Optic disc cupping

Extra: Optic disc cupping is characterized by an increased cup-to-disc ratio (normal is usually < 0.3).

Flashcard 1316: _____: An infarction of the central nervous system with resultant neurologic deficit that persists beyond 24 hours or is interrupted by death within 24 hours

Answer: Ischemic stroke

Flashcard 1317: The three major risk factors for thrombosis are _____, hypercoagulability, and endothelial cell damage (Virchow triad)

Answer: stasis in blood flow

Flashcard 1318: Pseudoaneurysm is a local vascular complication of cardiac catheterization characterized by a(n) _____ bruit and painful, bulging, pulsatile mass

Answer: systolic

Flashcard 1319: What is the treatment of choice for an HIV patient with Pneumocystis pneumonia and a PaO2 of 54 mmHg (normal 75-105 mmHg)? _____

Answer: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and corticosteroids

Flashcard 1320: What is the most likely diagnosis for an elderly patient with nausea, lethargy, polyuria, dry mucous membranes, and cough? _____

Answer: Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state