Neoplasia — Flashcards

Paragangliomas most commonly occur at the _____, known as a carotid paraganglioma

Hint: location

The RAS family of _____ encode for GTP-binding signal transducers that, when stimulated, lead to cell proliferation. This is a signal transducer found commonly in carcinomas, lymphoma, and melanoma.

Order of distant metastasis in Papillary thyroid carcinoma: _____ > Bone > Liver > Brain

Breast, thyroid and Lung carcinoma is CK 7 _____ and CK 20 negative

To remember the most common neoplasias that spread _____Embryonal carcinomaHepatocellular carcinomaSarcomaChoriocarcinomaRenal cell carcinomaFollicular carcinoma of the thyroid

_____ is a tumor suppressor gene that encodes p16 which blocks the G1 to S phase of the cell cycle

Retinoblastoma is due to mutation in Rb gene located on chromosome _____q14

Patients with a germline Rb mutation will typically develop a _____ Retinoblastoma, with an increased risk of osteosarcoma and pinealoblastoma ("trilateral" retinoblastoma)

_____ lung carcinoma arises from neuroendocrine (Kulchitsky) cells, which are small, dark blue cells

The KIT _____ encodes for the Stem Cell Factor receptor, which when bound leads to cell growth. This is a growth factor receptor found commonly in GI stromal tumor