Neoplasia — MCQs

Q: Testicular tumor on histopathology shows AFP negative and mildly elevated β -hCG. LDH? Most likely diagnosis is:

Seminoma. ***Seminoma*** - Seminomas are **germ cell tumors** characterized by **AFP negativity** and can present with **mildly elevated β-hCG** in 10-15% of cases (due to syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells). - **LDH levels** are frequently elevated in seminomas, serving as a useful **tumor marker** reflecting overall tumor burden. *Choriocarcinoma* - This tumor typically presents with **markedly elevated β-hCG** levels due to the abundance of syncytiotrophoblasts. - It is highly **aggressive** and often associated with early **hematogenous metastasis**, distinguishing it from the indolent clinical course of a pure seminoma. *Embryonal carcinoma* - These tumors are characterized by **non-seminomatous germ cell** differentiation and usually feature **elevated AFP** levels in addition to β-hCG. - They are clinically more **aggressive** than pure seminomas and often exhibit a **mixed histology** on biopsy. *Yolk sac tumor* - This tumor is pathognomonic for **markedly elevated AFP** (alpha-fetoprotein) levels, often showing **Schiller-Duval bodies** on histopathology. - It is the most common testicular tumor in **infants and children**, whereas seminomas are more common in **young adults (20-40 years)**.

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Neoplasia — MCQs

Neoplasia — MCQs

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