Signal Transduction — Flashcards

Once nitric oxide diffuses into muscle cells, it activates soluble (cytosolic) guanylyl cyclase, which converts _____ to cGMP

Protein kinase G activates the enzyme _____, which dephosphorylates myosin light chain causing smooth muscle relaxation

NF-kB activation pathway: Ubiquitination of IkB results in destruction of _____ and release of the NF-kB transcription factor

Glucagon, cortisol, and epinephrine induce _____ leading to phosphorylation of serine / threonine residues of the insulin receptor and IRS-1

Once the mitochondrial membrane has been made permeable, _____ can leak out and activate initiator caspases

Inhibition of Gi via the pertussis toxin results in _____ levels of cAMP

p53 induces apoptosis by activating _____ and BAK, which dimerize and form a pore in the outer mitochondrial membrane

The Cell Cycle is regulated by Cyclins and Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDKs) which when _____ allow cells to bypass restriction points (checkpoints)

Gi proteins _____ the cAMP signaling cascade

Gq proteins _____ the IP3-DAG signaling cascade