JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Caspase _____ and 10 (Extrinsic pathway) and Caspase _____ (Intrinsic pathway) are initiators of Apoptosis

Answer: 8; 9

Flashcard 2: The Cell Cycle is regulated by Cyclins and Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDKs) which when _____ allow cells to bypass restriction points (checkpoints)

Answer: complexed

Flashcard 3: In the phospholipase C mechanism of cellular signaling, _____ and diacylglycerol (DAG) activate protein kinase C, which phosphorylates specific proteins to produce physiologic actions

Answer: Ca2+

Flashcard 4: PTCH1 is a membrane receptor and a _____ regulator of the Hedgehog signaling pathway.

Answer: negative

Flashcard 5: A common Ras pathway mutation results in mutations of GAP, resulting in a lack of _____ to GDP inactivation

Answer: GTP

Flashcard 6: _____ in cytosol, recognize products released from damaged/necrotic cells

Answer: NOD-like receptors (NLRs)

Flashcard 7: Activation of a **GPCR** involves the exchange of _____ for _____ on the Gα subunit, leading to its dissociation from the Gβγ complex.

Answer: GDP

Extra: The Gα subunit possesses intrinsic GTPase activity, which hydrolyzes GTP back to GDP to terminate the signal. The GPCR itself acts as a Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factor (GEF) upon ligand binding.

Flashcard 8: Binding of atrial natriuretic peptide to its receptor guanylyl cyclase causes conversion of _____ to cGMP

Answer: GTP

Flashcard 9: Cyclin _____ and Cyclin E-CDK2 drive cells from G1 to S phase

Answer: D-CDK4/CDK6

Flashcard 10: _____ is the only known member of the CX3C chemokine group.

Answer: Fractalkine