NEET-PG 2015 - Forensic Medicine PYQs Practice Questions

Q: Which of the following does not refer to a cannabis preparation?

Afeem. ***Afeem*** - **Afeem** is a preparation of **opium**, which is derived from the **opium poppy** (Papaver somniferum), not cannabis. - Opium contains **opiates** like morphine and codeine, which have different psychoactive and pharmacological effects than cannabis. *Charas* - **Charas** is a form of **hashish** made from the resin of the cannabis plant, primarily from Indian cannabis strains. - It involves hand-rubbing the live plant to collect the resin, which is then rolled into balls or sticks. *Reefer* - **Reefer** is a slang term for a **marijuana cigarette** or a **joint**. - It refers to dried cannabis flowers rolled in paper for smoking. *Sinsemilla* - **Sinsemilla** refers to **unpollinated female cannabis plants** that produce a higher concentration of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). - The term literally means "without seeds" (from Spanish "sin semilla") and is prized for its potency. [Practice more Forensic Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: In the context of Indian law, what is the legal classification of the first offense of stalking?

Cognizable and bailable under Indian law. ***Cognizable and bailable under Indian law*** - Under Section 354D of the **Indian Penal Code (IPC)**, the **first offense** of stalking is classified as **cognizable and bailable**. - **Cognizable** means a police officer can arrest the accused without a warrant and begin investigation without magistrate's permission. - **Bailable** means the accused has an automatic right to be released on bail. - First offense carries punishment of imprisonment up to **3 years** and fine. - **Note:** Subsequent offenses become **non-bailable** with imprisonment up to 5 years. *Non-cognizable and bailable under Indian law* - This is incorrect as the first offense of stalking is **cognizable**, not non-cognizable. - If it were non-cognizable, police would require a **magistrate's order** to investigate and arrest. *Non-cognizable and non-bailable under Indian law* - Both classifications are incorrect for the first offense. - The first offense of stalking is **cognizable and bailable**, not non-cognizable and non-bailable. *Cognizable and non-bailable under Indian law* - While correctly identifying the cognizable nature, this incorrectly classifies the first offense as non-bailable. - **Non-bailable** classification applies only to **subsequent offenses** of stalking under Section 354D IPC. - For first offense, bail is a matter of right, not court discretion. [Practice more Forensic Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Which of the following statements is false regarding the declaration of brain stem death in a hospital?

All of the above. ***All of the above*** - This option indicates that all the preceding statements are false. Let's analyze why each individual statement is indeed false in the context of brain stem death declaration [1]. - This implies there is a misunderstanding regarding each aspect of brain stem death criteria, which often requires specific conditions like a neurologist's involvement (though not always strictly mandatory in all protocols), ruling out drug overdose, and the patient being in a coma. *Presence of neurologist is not required* - This statement is false because while it's not universally mandated that a neurologist be one of the two certifying doctors, one of them must be a **senior physician (consultant)** and both must be experienced in brain stem death diagnosis. - In many settings, especially for complex cases or where local protocols specify, a neurologist or neurosurgeon's involvement is highly recommended or required to confirm brain stem death. *Drug overdose should be ruled out* - This statement is false because the absence of drugs that could **mimic brain stem death (e.g., sedatives, muscle relaxants)** is a crucial precondition for testing [3]. - It is essential to ensure that the patient's neurological state is not confounded by reversible causes like drug intoxication before proceeding with brain stem death tests [3]. *Patient must be in coma* - This statement is false because while a patient declared brain stem dead will indeed be in a coma, the criteria for **brain stem death** specifically focus on the irreversible cessation of brainstem function [1], not merely a comatose state [2]. - A coma is a precondition for assessing brain stem death, but the declaration itself requires specific tests demonstrating the absence of **brainstem reflexes** [4] and **apnea** [3], confirming the permanent loss of brainstem activity. [Practice more Forensic Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: What does Section 191 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) pertain to?

Giving false evidence. ***Giving false evidence*** - Section 191 of the Indian Penal Code **specifically defines the offence of giving false evidence** - It addresses situations where a person, under oath or express provision of law to state the truth, makes a statement that is false and which he/she either **knows or believes to be false**, or does not believe to be true - This section is fundamental to **maintaining the integrity of legal proceedings** and protecting against perjury *Medical negligence* - Medical negligence is typically covered under **other sections of the IPC**, such as Section 304A (causing death by negligence) or Section 338 (causing grievous hurt by act endangering life or personal safety of others) - It may also be addressed under **civil law provisions** or the Consumer Protection Act - It involves a breach of duty by a medical professional that causes harm to a patient *Hostile witness* - The concept of a hostile witness is related to **evidentiary rules in criminal procedure**, particularly under the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 - **Not defined or addressed by any specific section in the IPC** - A hostile witness is one who does not support the party that called them to testify, often contradicting their own prior statements *Assault punishment* - The punishment for assault is covered under **Sections 351 to 358 of the IPC** - These sections define what constitutes assault and criminal force, along with penalties for different degrees of such offenses - Section 191 has no connection to assault-related provisions [Practice more Forensic Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Base of sphenoid fuses with occiput at the age of -

20 years. ***20 years*** - The **spheno-occipital synchondrosis** typically fuses by the age of **20 to 25 years**, marking the cessation of growth in the cranial base. - This fusion is an important indicator of skeletal maturity and is often used in **forensic anthropology** for age estimation. *30 years* - Fusion of the **spheno-occipital synchondrosis** beyond the early twenties is considered late and is not the typical age for this event. - By 30 years, most cranial sutures and synchondroses are already fused. *40 years* - At 40 years of age, the **spheno-occipital synchondrosis** would have been completely fused for many years, making this an incorrect age for the fusion process itself. - This age is well past the usual developmental timeframe for cranial base closure. *50 years* - Fusion at 50 years would be an **anomalous finding** as this synchondrosis is known to fuse much earlier in life. - By this age, the skull is fully mature, and fusion events of this nature have long since completed. [Practice more Forensic Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Question 1

Which of the following does not refer to a cannabis preparation?

Accepted Answer

Afeem

Answer

Charas

Answer

Reefer

Answer

Sinsemilla

Question 2

In the context of Indian law, what is the legal classification of the first offense of stalking?

Accepted Answer

Cognizable and bailable under Indian law

Answer

Non-cognizable and bailable under Indian law

Answer

Non-cognizable and non-bailable under Indian law

Answer

Cognizable and non-bailable under Indian law

Question 3

Which of the following statements is false regarding the declaration of brain stem death in a hospital?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

Presence of neurologist is not required

Answer

Drug overdose should be ruled out

Answer

Patient must be in coma

Question 4

What does Section 191 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) pertain to?

Accepted Answer

Giving false evidence

Answer

Medical negligence

Answer

Assault punishment

Answer

Hostile witness

Question 5

Base of sphenoid fuses with occiput at the age of -

Accepted Answer

20 years

Answer

30 years

Answer

40 years

Answer

50 years

Question 6

Which of the following statements best describes a key characteristic of fingerprint development?

Accepted Answer

Fingerprints are fully formed before birth.

Answer

DNA analysis is the most specific method of identification.

Answer

The most common type of fingerprint is loops.

Answer

None of the options are true.

Question 7

Which type of inquest is not conducted in India?

Accepted Answer

Coroner's inquest

Answer

Police inquest

Answer

Magistrate inquest

Answer

None of the options

Question 8

Length of the fetus is 40 cm. What would be the age of gestation?

Accepted Answer

8 months

Answer

4 months

Answer

6 months

Answer

7 months

Question 9

IPC 201 deals with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Embalming a body before an autopsy

Answer

Providing false information to the police

Answer

Causing grievous hurt to another person

Answer

Kidnapping a person

Question 10

What type of evidence is a dying declaration?

Accepted Answer

Oral evidence

Answer

Documentary evidence

Answer

Hearsay evidence

Answer

Circumstantial evidence

NEET-PG 2015 — Forensic Medicine