NEET-PG 2015 Previous Year Questions Practice Questions

Q: In hospital infection control, which instrument is used to monitor humidity levels to prevent nosocomial infections?

Hygrometer. ***Hygrometer*** - A **hygrometer** is specifically designed to measure **humidity** or the moisture content in the atmosphere. - Maintaining optimal **humidity levels** (typically 30-60%) is crucial in hospitals to control the spread of **pathogens** and prevent nosocomial infections. *Barometer* - A **barometer** measures **atmospheric pressure**, which is important for weather forecasting but not directly for hospital infection control. - It does not provide information about the moisture content in the air. *Anemometer* - An **anemometer** is used to measure **wind speed**, which is irrelevant to monitoring indoor environmental conditions for infection control. - It does not provide any data related to air humidity. *Thermometer* - A **thermometer** measures **temperature**, which is a separate environmental parameter from humidity. - While temperature control is important in healthcare settings, it does not directly monitor moisture content. [Practice more NEET-PG 2015 questions on OnCourse]

Q: Consanguineous marriages increase the risk of which of the following diseases?

Autosomal recessive diseases. ***Autosomal recessive diseases*** - Consanguineous marriages increase the likelihood of offspring inheriting two copies of a **recessive deleterious allele** from a common ancestor. - This significantly raises the risk of expressing **autosomal recessive conditions**, as both parents are more likely to be carriers of the same rare recessive gene. - Examples include **thalassemia, sickle cell disease, and cystic fibrosis**. *Autosomal dominant diseases* - These diseases manifest with only **one copy of the mutated allele**, regardless of consanguinity. - The risk is primarily linked to whether one parent carries the dominant gene, not the relatedness of the parents. *X linked dominant diseases* - These conditions are caused by mutations on the **X chromosome** and are expressed dominantly. - Consanguinity does not specifically increase the risk, as the disease manifests when the mutated X-linked gene is inherited from an affected parent. - The inheritance pattern depends on the affected parent's sex, not on parental relatedness. *Environmental diseases* - These diseases are primarily caused by **external factors** such as toxins, diet, lifestyle choices, or infections. - While genetic predisposition may play a role, consanguinity does not directly increase the risk for environmentally triggered diseases. [Practice more NEET-PG 2015 questions on OnCourse]

Q: What is the recommended treatment for oral sores caused by inhaled steroids?

Miconazole. ***Miconazole*** - **Miconazole** is an **antifungal medication** available in gel or oral tablet forms, effective in treating oral thrush (candidiasis), a common side effect of inhaled steroid use. - Its **broad-spectrum antifungal activity** means it targets the *Candida* species responsible for these oral sores, relieving symptoms and promoting healing. *Clotrimazole* - While **clotrimazole** is an **antifungal medication** that can be used for oral candidiasis, it is typically available as troches (lozenges) and may be less commonly prescribed for this specific condition than miconazole in some regions. - Its mechanism of action involves **inhibiting ergosterol synthesis**, disrupting the fungal cell membrane; however, **miconazole** is often favored for its ease of application and efficacy in oral candidiasis. *Fusidic acid* - **Fusidic acid** is an **antibiotic** primarily used to treat bacterial infections, particularly those caused by *Staphylococcus* species. - It has **no antifungal properties**, making it ineffective against oral sores caused by inhaled steroid-induced candidiasis. *Mupirocin ointment* - **Mupirocin** is an **antibiotic ointment** used topically to treat bacterial skin infections, such as impetigo. - It works by **inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis** and is not effective against fungal infections like oral thrush. [Practice more NEET-PG 2015 questions on OnCourse]

Q: In the context of Indian law, what is the legal classification of the first offense of stalking?

Cognizable and bailable under Indian law. ***Cognizable and bailable under Indian law*** - Under Section 354D of the **Indian Penal Code (IPC)**, the **first offense** of stalking is classified as **cognizable and bailable**. - **Cognizable** means a police officer can arrest the accused without a warrant and begin investigation without magistrate's permission. - **Bailable** means the accused has an automatic right to be released on bail. - First offense carries punishment of imprisonment up to **3 years** and fine. - **Note:** Subsequent offenses become **non-bailable** with imprisonment up to 5 years. *Non-cognizable and bailable under Indian law* - This is incorrect as the first offense of stalking is **cognizable**, not non-cognizable. - If it were non-cognizable, police would require a **magistrate's order** to investigate and arrest. *Non-cognizable and non-bailable under Indian law* - Both classifications are incorrect for the first offense. - The first offense of stalking is **cognizable and bailable**, not non-cognizable and non-bailable. *Cognizable and non-bailable under Indian law* - While correctly identifying the cognizable nature, this incorrectly classifies the first offense as non-bailable. - **Non-bailable** classification applies only to **subsequent offenses** of stalking under Section 354D IPC. - For first offense, bail is a matter of right, not court discretion. [Practice more NEET-PG 2015 questions on OnCourse]

Q: Which of the following does not refer to a cannabis preparation?

Afeem. ***Afeem*** - **Afeem** is a preparation of **opium**, which is derived from the **opium poppy** (Papaver somniferum), not cannabis. - Opium contains **opiates** like morphine and codeine, which have different psychoactive and pharmacological effects than cannabis. *Charas* - **Charas** is a form of **hashish** made from the resin of the cannabis plant, primarily from Indian cannabis strains. - It involves hand-rubbing the live plant to collect the resin, which is then rolled into balls or sticks. *Reefer* - **Reefer** is a slang term for a **marijuana cigarette** or a **joint**. - It refers to dried cannabis flowers rolled in paper for smoking. *Sinsemilla* - **Sinsemilla** refers to **unpollinated female cannabis plants** that produce a higher concentration of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). - The term literally means "without seeds" (from Spanish "sin semilla") and is prized for its potency. [Practice more NEET-PG 2015 questions on OnCourse]

Question 1

In hospital infection control, which instrument is used to monitor humidity levels to prevent nosocomial infections?

Accepted Answer

Hygrometer

Answer

Barometer

Answer

Thermometer

Answer

Anemometer

Question 2

Consanguineous marriages increase the risk of which of the following diseases?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal recessive diseases

Answer

Autosomal dominant diseases

Answer

X linked dominant diseases

Answer

Environmental diseases

Question 3

What is the recommended treatment for oral sores caused by inhaled steroids?

Accepted Answer

Miconazole

Answer

Fusidic acid

Answer

Mupirocin ointment

Answer

Clotrimazole

Question 4

In the context of Indian law, what is the legal classification of the first offense of stalking?

Accepted Answer

Cognizable and bailable under Indian law

Answer

Non-cognizable and bailable under Indian law

Answer

Non-cognizable and non-bailable under Indian law

Answer

Cognizable and non-bailable under Indian law

Question 5

Which of the following does not refer to a cannabis preparation?

Accepted Answer

Afeem

Answer

Charas

Answer

Reefer

Answer

Sinsemilla

Question 6

All are reversible causes of dementia except one.

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer's disease

Answer

Hydrocephalus

Answer

Meningoencephalitis

Answer

Hypothyroidism

Question 7

Adverse effects of phenytoin include the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Hypercalcemia

Answer

Ataxia

Answer

Hirsutism

Answer

Lymphadenopathy

Question 8

Which of the following characteristics is shared by both active transport and facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Requires specific carrier proteins

Answer

Does not require energy input

Answer

Transports solute down concentration gradient

Answer

Transports solute against concentration gradient

Question 9

What is the cardiothoracic ratio in children?

Accepted Answer

50-55%

Answer

30-35%

Answer

40-45%

Answer

60-65%

Question 10

In case of polytrauma with multiple injuries to the chest, neck, and abdomen, what is the highest priority intervention?

Accepted Answer

Stabilization of the airway

Answer

Vasopressors

Answer

Assessing disability

Answer

Stabilization of the cervical spine

NEET-PG 2015

Community Medicine

Dental

Forensic Medicine

Internal Medicine

Pharmacology

Physiology

Radiology

Surgery