Endocrine system (thyroid, adrenal, pancreas) US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Endocrine system (thyroid, adrenal, pancreas) with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Endocrine system (thyroid, adrenal, pancreas) Flashcard Deck - 30 Cards
Flashcard 1: What is the effect of the FGF gene?
Answer: stimulates mitosis of underlying mesoderm, lengthening of limbs
Flashcard 2: autonomic nervous system
Answer: neural crest
Flashcard 3: number 10
Answer: intermediate horn sympathetics
Flashcard 4: reticular activating system
Answer: reduced wakefullness and arousability (e.g. coma)
Flashcard 5: What cells and tissue make CSF?
Answer: ependymal cells of choriod plexus
Flashcard 6: thirst
Answer: hypothalamus
Flashcard 7: anterior pituitary
Answer: hypothalamus
Flashcard 8: sympathetic system
Answer: posterior hypothalamus, limbic system
Flashcard 9: What kind of blood solutes can readily cross the blood-brain barrier?
Answer: nonpolar substances
Flashcard 10: What kind of blood solutes can cross the blood-brain barrier via active transport?
Answer: glucose, amino acids
Flashcard 11: What special characteristic is shared by the area postrema and organum vasculosum (OVLT)?
Answer: not protected by blood-brain barrier
Flashcard 12: The area postrema and OVLT both send important inputs to the...?
Answer: hypothalamus
Flashcard 13: What is the function of the organum vasculosum of lamina terminalis (OVLT)?
Answer: central osmotic sensor
Flashcard 14: anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)
Answer:
Extra: supraoptic nucleus of hypothalamus posterior pituitary
Flashcard 15: parasympathetic system
Answer: anterior hypothalamus, limbic system
Flashcard 16: What glial cell type myelinates CNS neurons?
Answer: oligodendroglia
Flashcard 17: What glial cell type removes excess neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft in the CNS?
Answer: astrocyte
Flashcard 18: What glial cell type is involved in maintaining the blood-brain barrier?
Answer: astrocyte (wikipedia says that recent research refutes this, but FA 2013 has it)
Flashcard 19: What glial cell type manages K+ metabolism in the CNS?
Answer: astrocyte
Flashcard 20: What glial cell type physically supports and repairs neurons in the CNS?
Answer: astrocyte
Flashcard 21: What cell type transmits signals in the nervous system?
Answer: neuron
Flashcard 22: What type of neuronal branch structure sends information?
Answer: axon
Flashcard 23: What is the role of the neural plate in neural development?
Answer: gives rise to the neural tube and neural crest cells
Flashcard 24: What are the body's priorities during fasting or starvation?
Answer: supply glucose to brain and RBCs, preserve protein if possible
Flashcard 25: What is the function of the endosome?
Answer: sorting centers for material from outside the cell or from the Golgi, sending it to lysosomes/plasma membrane/Golgi
Flashcard 26: permanent
Answer: remain in G0; may only be replaced from stem cells
Extra: neurons, skeletal myocytes, cardiac myocytes, RBCs
Flashcard 27: How many ions are exchanged by the Na+-K+ ATPase for each ATP consumed?
Answer: 3 Na+ out, 2 K+ in
Flashcard 28: Desmin belongs to what class of cytoskeletal element?
Answer: intermediate filaments
Flashcard 29: Vimentin belongs to what class of cytoskeletal element?
Answer: intermediate filaments
Flashcard 30: What stimuli control the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus?
Answer: primarily light
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