Thyroid hormone transport and action — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: _____ is released from the hypothalamus to stimulate TSH release from the anterior pituitary.

Answer: TRH

Flashcard 2: Thyroid hormone stimulates upregulation of _____ receptors in the heart

Answer: B1

Flashcard 3: Six major hormones are secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary: _____

Answer: 1. FSH 2. LH 3. ACTH 4. TSH 5. Prolactin 6. Growth hormone

Flashcard 4: What is the result when thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins bind to TSH receptors of the thyroid gland?_____

Answer: They stimulate secretion of T3 and T4

Flashcard 5: What form of thyroid hormone is predominately produced by the thyroid gland?_____

Answer: 90% T4

Flashcard 6: Which thyroid hormone (T4 or T3) binds to nuclear receptor with greater affinity?_____

Answer: T3

Flashcard 7: What is the effect of the FGF gene?

Answer: stimulates mitosis of underlying mesoderm, lengthening of limbs

Flashcard 8: What is the embryological origin of the adrenal medulla?

Answer: Neural crest cells

Extra: The adrenal medulla is essentially a modified sympathetic ganglion. While the medulla is derived from the neural crest (ectoderm), the adrenal cortex is derived from the mesoderm.

Flashcard 9: Identify the structure labeled '10' in the provided image of the spinal cord (Endocrine/Autonomic context).

Answer: Intermediate horn (Sympathetics) :: number 10 in the diagram

Flashcard 10: Effect of a lesion to the Reticular Activating System (RAS)?

Answer: Reduced wakefulness and arousability (e.g., coma)