Neuropathology — Flashcards

Flashcard 21: What lesion is associated with athetosis?

Answer: basal ganglia

Flashcard 22: What is the mechanism by which vasogenic edema occurs in the CNS?

Answer: insult disrupts tight junctions in blood-brain barrier; leaking ensues

Flashcard 23: Lewy bodies

Answer: α-synuclein

Extra: intracellular

Flashcard 24: syringomyelia

Answer:

Extra: damage to spinothalamic tract"cape-like" loss of pain/temp sensation in upper extremitiesassociated with Arnold-Chiari Icystic enlargement of central canal of spinal cord

Flashcard 25: Dandy-Walker malformation

Answer:

Extra: ataxia +/- spina bifidaabsent cerebellar vermis, enlarged 4th ventricle +/- hydrocephalusagenesis of cerebellar vermis

Flashcard 26: Arnold-Chiari malformation type II

Answer:

Extra: congenital herniation of cerebellar tonsils and vermis, tectal beaking, hydrocephalus, +/- myelomeningocele, lower extremity paralysiscongenital herniation of cerebellar tonsils and vermis

Flashcard 27: Describe the characteristic appearance of oligodendroglia.

Answer: small nuclei, dark chromatin, scant cytoplasm; overall similar to "fried eggs" mnemonic: ol-EGG-o-dendroglia

Flashcard 28: What glial cell type is primarily responsible for the reactive gliosis seen after CNS injury?

Answer: astrocyte

Flashcard 29: anencephaly

Answer:

Extra: newborn lacks entire forebrain maternal diabetes, maternal folate deficiencyagenesis of forebrain and open calivarium 

Flashcard 30: Krabbe's disease

Answer:

Extra: accumulation of galactocerebroside, destruction of myelin sheathperipheral neuropathy, developmental delay, optic atrophygloboid cells childrenARgalactocerebrosidase