High-risk pregnancies — Flashcards

Flashcard 141: What is the most common germ cell tumor in females? _____

Answer: Cystic teratoma

Flashcard 142: Invasive mole is typically the malignant progression of a(n) _____ hydatidiform mole

Answer: complete

Flashcard 143: In female infertility testing: a hysterosalpingogram (HSG) is primarily used to determine _____

Answer: fallopian tube patency

Flashcard 144: Placenta _____ is the abnormal attachment of the placenta to the myometrium, without penetrating it

Answer: accreta

Extra: * most common type; risk factors include prior C-section, inflammation, and placenta previa A-I-P (ABC order) Accreta, Increta, Percreta

Flashcard 145: Which bacteria often causes subacute Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) and hence often goes undiagnosed? _____

Answer: Chlamydia trachomatis serotypes D-K

Flashcard 146: What treatment for PCOS decreases the risk of hyperplasia and cancer? _____

Answer: OCPs

Flashcard 147: Which recreational drug causes low birth weight, preterm birth, IUGR, and placental abruption? _____

Answer: Cocaine

Flashcard 148: What is the most common invasive (malignant) carcinoma of the female genital tract? _____

Answer: Endometrial carcinoma

Flashcard 149: In twin-twin transfusion syndrome, the _____ is anemic, pale, and has restricted growth

Answer: donor

Flashcard 150: Endometrial hyperplasia is usually caused by unopposed _____

Answer: estrogen

Extra: - Unopposed estrogen without progesterone = proliferate! - Obesity (↑ fat) = ↑ androgen → estrogen conversion (aromatase) - PCOS (also fat) =  ↑↑ estrone production from adipose tissue (proliferative phase) and lack of progesterone (due to ↓ FSH → no luteal phase): overall, continual proliferation without shedding!