HIV US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master HIV with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
HIV Flashcard Deck - 55 Cards
Flashcard 1: progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)
Answer:
Extra: destruction of oligodendrocytes, demyelination of CNS rapidly progressive, usually fatal recent JC virus infection, AIDS
Flashcard 2: The _____ blot *used to be* the confirmatory test for HIV after a positive ELISA
Answer: Western
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/hiv/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 3: Which HIV gene encodes for the virion p24 (Capsid) and p17 (Matrix) core proteins?
_____
Answer: gag
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/antivirals/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 4: Which envelope protein on HIV binds the CD4 molecule and a chemokine receptor (CXCR4 or CCR5)?
_____
Answer: gp120
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/antivirals/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 5: Individuals with _____-zygous CCR5 allele mutations display a slower rate of progression of HIV infection
Answer: hetero
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/hiv/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 6: Which viral gene in HIV codes for its Reverse Transcriptase?
_____
Answer: pol
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/antivirals/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 7: Which viral gene in HIV codes for its Integrase?
_____
Answer: pol
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/antivirals/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 8: _____ is the outer glycoprotein of HIV
Answer: gp120
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/hiv/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 9: _____ is a cytoplasmic accessory protein of HIV that enhances viral replication through down-regulation of CD4 and MHC-I expression
Answer: Nef
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/hiv/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 10: HIV and HTLV-1 are both _____
Answer: retroviruses
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 11: Which two regulatory proteins of HIV are required for viral replication?
_____
Answer: Rev and Tat
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/hiv/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 12: Infected CD4+ T cells (and macrophages, dendritic cells) are killed by _____ in HIV
Answer: CD8+ T-cells
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/hiv/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 13: HIV infects CD4+ helper T-cells, macrophages, and _____
Answer: dendritic cells
Extra:
Watch Maraviroc, fusion inhibitors, integrase inhibitors [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antivirals-hiv-maraviroc-fusion-inhibitors-integrase-inhibitors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 14: _____ are diploid single-stranded RNA viruses
Answer: Retroviruses (e.g. HIV)
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 15: Individuals with _____-zygous CCR5 allele mutations are resistant to HIV infection
Answer: homo
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/hiv/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 16: HIV RNA is transcribed to dsDNA by _____
Answer: HIV reverse transcriptase
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 17: Which HIV gene encodes for the gp120 and gp41 surface glycoproteins?
_____
Answer: env
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/antivirals/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 18: Which viral gene in HIV codes for the p17 matrix protein?
_____
Answer: gag
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/antivirals/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 19: Which envelope protein on HIV functions to allow HIV fusion and entry into host cells?
_____
Answer: gp41
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/antivirals/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 20: Nocardia causes _____ infections in the immuno-compromised
Answer: pulmonary
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 21: Coreceptors for Macrophages and T-Cell in HIV infection:
1. Macrophage: CD4 and _____
2. T-Cell: CD4 + CXCR4
Answer: CCR5
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/hiv/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 22: Which immune cell(s) secretes IL-3?_____
Answer: T cells (both Th1 and Th2)
Flashcard 23: Which immune cell has the cell surface protein CD4 and CD25? _____
Answer: Regulatory T cells
Flashcard 24: Which immune cell has the cell surface protein CXCR4? _____
Answer: T cells (late HIV infection)
Flashcard 25: Which immune cell has the cell surface protein CD40L? _____
Answer: Helper T cells
Flashcard 26: Which immune cell has the cell surface protein CCR5? _____
Answer: Macrophages (early HIV infection)
Flashcard 27: Which gene is mutated in HIV protease inhibitor resistance?_____
Answer: pol gene
Flashcard 28: _____ is the outer glycoprotein of HIV
Answer: gp120
Flashcard 29: _____ is the transmembrane protein of HIV, mediating viral-cell fusion and syncytia formation
Answer: gp41
Flashcard 30: Which envelope protein on HIV binds the CD4 molecule and a chemokine receptor (CXCR4 or CCR5)?_____
Answer: gp120
Flashcard 31: HIV later on infects what cell type?_____
Answer: CD4+ Helper T cells
Flashcard 32: _____ is the matrix protein of HIV
Answer: p17
Flashcard 33: When HLA typing, the purpose of testing for a Mixed lymphocyte reaction is to test for MHC class _____
Answer: II (ex HLA-DR)
Flashcard 34: What infectious disease is an irreversible cause of dementia? _____
Answer: HIV
Flashcard 35: HIV initially infects what cell type?_____
Answer: Macrophages
Flashcard 36: HIV has _____ strands of RNA in its genome
Answer: two
Flashcard 37: _____ is a regulatory protein of HIV that transcriptionally activates other viral genes.
Answer: Tat
Flashcard 38: Mutations in the _____ gene enable HIV to escape from host neutralizing antibodies
Answer: env
Flashcard 39: ELISA and western blots (no longer used) for the diagnosis of HIV are falsely positive in infants born to HIV+ mothers since anti-_____ antibodies cross the placenta.
Answer: gp120
Flashcard 40: Which AIDS opportunistic infection stains acid-fast?_____
Answer: Mycobacterium avium complex
Flashcard 41: Which enzyme allows for HIV dsDNA to integrate with host cell DNA?_____
Answer: Integrase
Flashcard 42: _____ is a regulatory protein of HIV that regulates viral RNA transport of unspliced viral transcripts out of the nucleus
Answer: Rev
Flashcard 43: Which viral gene in HIV codes for its Reverse Transcriptase?_____
Answer: pol
Flashcard 44: Which viral gene in HIV codes for the p24 capsid protein?_____
Answer: gag
Flashcard 45: What test determines the amount of viral RNA in plasma?_____
Answer: Viral load
Flashcard 46: Does HIV have an envelope?_____
Answer: Yes
Flashcard 47: Reactivation of CMV from mononuclear cells occurs via _____
Answer: immunosuppression (organ transplant, AIDS patients)
Flashcard 48: Which viral gene in HIV codes for its Integrase?_____
Answer: pol
Flashcard 49: Individuals with _____-zygous CCR5 allele mutations are resistant to HIV infection
Answer: homo
Flashcard 50: _____ are diploid single-stranded RNA viruses
Answer: Retroviruses (ie: HIV)
Flashcard 51: Which envelope protein on HIV functions to allow HIV fusion and entry into host cells?_____
Answer: gp41
Flashcard 52: Which two regulatory proteins of HIV are required for viral replication?_____
Answer: Rev and Tat
Flashcard 53: Which viral gene in HIV codes for the surface glycoproteins gp120 and gp41?_____
Answer: env
Flashcard 54: Which viral gene in HIV codes for its Aspartate Protease?_____
Answer: pol
Flashcard 55: Which viral gene in HIV codes for the p17 matrix protein?_____
Answer: gag
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