HIV prevention strategies — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: ELISA and western blots (no longer used) for the diagnosis of HIV are falsely positive in infants born to HIV+ mothers since anti-_____ antibodies cross the placenta.

Answer: gp120

Flashcard 2: Individuals with _____-zygous CCR5 allele mutations are resistant to HIV infection

Answer: homo

Flashcard 3: HIV has _____ strands of RNA in its genome

Answer: two

Flashcard 4: Which two regulatory proteins of HIV are required for viral replication?_____

Answer: Rev and Tat

Flashcard 5: _____ is a regulatory protein of HIV that transcriptionally activates other viral genes.

Answer: Tat

Flashcard 6: Which viral gene in HIV codes for the p17 matrix protein?_____

Answer: gag

Flashcard 7: What is the causative agent and primary pathology of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) in AIDS patients?

Answer: Causative agent: JC virus Pathology: Reactivation causing destruction of oligodendrocytes and CNS demyelination.

Extra: PML is a rapidly progressive, usually fatal disease. It occurs due to the reactivation of the JC virus (Polyomavirus) in immunocompromised states, specifically when CD4+ counts are low in AIDS patients. It involves multiple non-enhancing white matter lesions on MRI.

Flashcard 8: The _____ blot *used to be* the confirmatory test for HIV after a positive ELISA

Answer: Western

Extra:   https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/hiv/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 9: Which envelope protein on HIV binds the CD4 molecule and a chemokine receptor (CXCR4 or CCR5)? _____

Answer: gp120

Extra:    https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/antivirals/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 10: Which HIV gene encodes for the virion p24 (Capsid) and p17 (Matrix) core proteins? _____

Answer: gag

Extra:    https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/antivirals/acquire?ref=anki