Antiretroviral therapy principles — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: HIV initially infects what cell type?_____

Answer: Macrophages

Flashcard 2: _____ is the matrix protein of HIV

Answer: p17

Flashcard 3: Which AIDS opportunistic infection stains acid-fast?_____

Answer: Mycobacterium avium complex

Flashcard 4: Which viral gene in HIV codes for its Aspartate Protease?_____

Answer: pol

Flashcard 5: HIV has _____ strands of RNA in its genome

Answer: two

Flashcard 6: Which two regulatory proteins of HIV are required for viral replication?_____

Answer: Rev and Tat

Flashcard 7: _____ is a regulatory protein of HIV that regulates viral RNA transport of unspliced viral transcripts out of the nucleus

Answer: Rev

Flashcard 8: What is the causative agent and primary pathology of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) in AIDS patients?

Answer: Causative agent: JC virus Pathology: Reactivation causing destruction of oligodendrocytes and CNS demyelination.

Extra: PML is a rapidly progressive, usually fatal disease. It occurs due to the reactivation of the JC virus (Polyomavirus) in immunocompromised states, specifically when CD4+ counts are low in AIDS patients. It involves multiple non-enhancing white matter lesions on MRI.

Flashcard 9: The _____ blot *used to be* the confirmatory test for HIV after a positive ELISA

Answer: Western

Extra:   https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/hiv/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 10: Which envelope protein on HIV binds the CD4 molecule and a chemokine receptor (CXCR4 or CCR5)? _____

Answer: gp120

Extra:    https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/antivirals/acquire?ref=anki