Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 351: Multiple myeloma is associated with high serum IL-_____, which stimulates plasma cell growth and immunoglobulin production

Answer: 6

Extra: Atlas: Other:

Flashcard 352: The very low serum Na+ concentration in SIADH can lead to cerebral _____ and seizures

Answer: edema

Extra: * Seizures due to shift of water into neurons, hyponatremia due to excess reabsorption of free water

Flashcard 353: A knee exam should be performed with the patient in the _____ position

Answer: supine

Flashcard 354: Cushing disease refers specifically to a(n) _____

Answer: ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma

Extra: Cushing **syndrome** is the clinical state of hypercortisolism from any cause. Cushing **disease** is specifically hypercortisolism caused by an ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma (a form of ACTH-dependent Cushing syndrome). **Diagnostic Pathway:** 1. Confirm hypercortisolism (e.g., 24-hour urinary free cortisol, late-night salivary cortisol, or low-dose dexamethasone suppression test). 2. Measure plasma ACTH. - Low ACTH: Adrenal tumor or exogenous steroids. - High ACTH: Cushing disease (pituitary) or Ectopic ACTH (e.g., small cell lung cancer).

Flashcard 355: Multiple myeloma is associated with _____ serum protein

Answer: elevated

Extra: due to increased immunoglobulin production Atlas: Other:

Flashcard 356: Mild global cerebral ischemia results in transient _____ with prompt recovery

Answer: confusion

Extra: Atlas:

Flashcard 357: In males, prolactinoma presents as headache, decreased _____, and infertility

Answer: libido

Flashcard 358: What two HLA subtypes is Graves disease associated with? _____

Answer: HLA-DR3, HLA-B8

Flashcard 359: Thyrotoxicosis can cause what form of cardiomyopathy? _____

Answer: Dilated

Flashcard 360: Antibodies to spliceosomal snRNPs, also known as anti-Smith antibodies, are highly specific for _____

Answer: SLE