Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 3561: What acid-base disorder may be seen with syndrome of apparent mineralocorticoid excess? _____

Answer: Metabolic alkalosis

Flashcard 3562: What vasculitis is associated with polymyalgia rheumatica? _____

Answer: Giant cell (temporal) arteritis

Flashcard 3563: What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in regions where iodine levels are adequate?_____

Answer: Hashimoto thyroiditis

Flashcard 3564: Does mitral/tricuspid regurgitation cause a systolic or diastolic murmur?_____

Answer: Holo-systolic murmur

Flashcard 3565: Global aphasia is characterized by _____ comprehension (intact or impaired)

Answer: impaired

Flashcard 3566: Disorders of primary hemostasis present with symptoms of skin bleeding, such as _____ (> 3 mm)

Answer: purpura

Flashcard 3567: Hypertensive _____ is defined as severe hypertension (>180 / >120 mmHg) with acute end-organ damage

Answer: emergency

Flashcard 3568: What demographic is most commonly affected by Riedel thyroiditis?

Answer: Middle-aged women (30-50 years old)

Flashcard 3569: How do PCWP and preload change during cardiogenic and obstructive shock?

Answer: Increased ($\uparrow$)

Extra: In **cardiogenic shock** and most forms of **obstructive shock** (e.g., cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax), PCWP is increased. This helps differentiate them from hypovolemic and distributive shocks, where PCWP is decreased. **Note:** PCWP is actually decreased in obstructive shock caused by a massive pulmonary embolism (since the obstruction is proximal to the left atrium).

Flashcard 3570: What effect does standing up or the valsalva maneuver have on the intensity of MR, AR, MS, and AS murmurs?_____

Answer: Decreased intensity