Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 3271: Patients with the AB blood type cannot receive which blood types?_____

Answer: None

Flashcard 3272: Which type of macular degeneration (dry or wet) is more common (>80%)? _____

Answer: Dry (nonexudative)

Flashcard 3273: What type of murmur is classically heard at the apex in a patient with acute mitral regurgitation?

Answer: Early systolic murmur

Extra: In acute mitral regurgitation (e.g., due to papillary muscle rupture or chordae tendineae rupture), the left atrium is relatively non-compliant. The rapid increase in left atrial pressure during systole quickly reduces the pressure gradient between the left ventricle and left atrium, causing the murmur to cease before the second heart sound (S2). This contrasts with chronic mitral regurgitation, which is typically holosystolic.

Flashcard 3274: Primary hyperparathyroidism may lead to CNS disturbances, such as _____ and seizures

Answer: depression

Flashcard 3275: Which classes of steroid hormones are increased in Cushing syndrome/disease?_____

Answer: glucocorticoids (cortisol) +/- androgens

Flashcard 3276: Broca (expressive) aphasia is characterized by _____ speech (fluent or nonfluent)

Answer: nonfluent

Flashcard 3277: Growth hormone cell adenoma may be diagnosed by lack of GH _____ by oral glucose

Answer: suppression

Flashcard 3278: Organ transplant patients are at an increased risk of pneumonia from which herpesvirus?_____

Answer: CMV

Flashcard 3279: Pulmonic Area (Supine; Diaphragm): Identify the normal heart sound finding that appears during inspiration and disappears during expiration:

Answer: Physiological (transient) split S2

Flashcard 3280: What is the urine osmolality (mOsm/kg) in acute tubular necrosis? _____

Answer: < 350 mOsm/kg (low)