Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 3241: Which classes of steroid hormones are increased in Cushing syndrome/disease?_____

Answer: glucocorticoids (cortisol) +/- androgens

Flashcard 3242: Early diagnosis and treatment of strep throat _____ prevent rheumatic fever

Answer: can (can/cannot)

Flashcard 3243: _____ lymphoma typically presents in adults with confusion, memory loss, and seizures (variable presentation)

Answer: Primary CNS

Flashcard 3244: What type of murmur is classically heard at the apex in a patient with acute mitral regurgitation?

Answer: Early systolic murmur

Extra: In acute mitral regurgitation (e.g., due to papillary muscle rupture or chordae tendineae rupture), the left atrium is relatively non-compliant. The rapid increase in left atrial pressure during systole quickly reduces the pressure gradient between the left ventricle and left atrium, causing the murmur to cease before the second heart sound (S2). This contrasts with chronic mitral regurgitation, which is typically holosystolic.

Flashcard 3245: G6PD deficiency is a cause of _____ (MCV) anemia

Answer: normocytic

Flashcard 3246: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) most commonly arises in _____

Answer: older adults (median onset 65 years)

Flashcard 3247: In addition to hematuria, renal papillary necrosis may also present with _____-uria

Answer: protein

Flashcard 3248: How do serum K+ levels change in Bartter syndrome? _____

Answer: Decreased (hypokalemia)

Flashcard 3249: In early postrenal azotemia, the BUN:creatinine ratio is _____ 15

Answer: >

Flashcard 3250: Which thyroid imbalance presents with decreased reflexes?_____

Answer: Hypothyroidism