Cardiology US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Cardiology with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Cardiology Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 311: Does secondary adrenocortical insufficiency present with hyperkalemia or metabolic acidosis?
_____
Answer: No, because aldosterone levels are normal
Extra: In secondary adrenal insufficiency, aldosterone synthesis is preserved because it is primarily regulated by the RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System), not ACTH. Therefore, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances like hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis (which result from mineralocorticoid deficiency) are absent.
Note: Hypotension can still occur in secondary adrenal insufficiency due to cortisol deficiency (cortisol is permissive for catecholamine-mediated vasoconstriction), but it is generally less severe than the hypovolemic shock seen in primary adrenal insufficiency.
Watch Adrenal Insufficiency: https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine/videos/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine-adrenal-disorders-adrenal-insufficiency
Flashcard 312: MODY is a(n) autosomal dominant disorder seen in young patients that is similar to T_____DM
Answer: 2
Extra: MODY is non-insulin dependent (due to primary beta-cell dysfunction), which distinguishes it from Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
Flashcard 313: Cough, night sweats, and hemoptysis are symptoms of _____ Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
Answer: reactivated
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 314: The most common cause of primary hyperaldosteronism is _____
Answer: bilateral adrenal hyperplasia
Extra:
* adrenal hyperplasia and carcinoma are less common causes; Uptodate says idiopathic bilateral adrenal hyperplasia MCC
Watch Adrenocortical Hyperfunction Hyperaldosteronism & Hypercortisolism [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine/videos/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine-adrenal-disorders-adrenocortical-hyperfunction-hyperaldosteronism-and-hypercortisolism?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrinology/adrenals/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 315: What gender is more commonly affected by myasthenia gravis?
_____
Answer: Females
Extra:
Watch Myasthenia Gravis & Lambert Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-derm/videos/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-and-derm-muscle-myasthenia-gravis-and-lambert-eaton-myasthenic-syndrome?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/neuromuscular-junction-nmj?index=6]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/general-physiology/skeletal-muscle/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 316: What is the most common cause of acute pericarditis?
_____
Answer: Idiopathic (presumed viral)
Extra:
Watch Pericarditis & Constrictive Pericarditis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-cardiac/videos/medical-pathophysiology-cardiac-myocardial-and-pericardial-disorders-pericarditis-and-constrictive-pericarditis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/pericardial-disease?index=4]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology/pericardial-disease/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 317: Prophylaxis for osteoporosis includes regular _____ exercise and adequate Ca2+ / vitamin D intake throughout adulthood
Answer: weight-bearing
Extra:
Watch Osteoporosis & Paget Disease of Bone [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-derm/videos/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-and-derm-bone-osteoporosis-and-paget-disease-of-bone?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Atlas:
Flashcard 318: 21-hydroxylase deficiency (congenital adrenal hyperplasia) may cause a type _____ renal tubular acidosis
Answer: 4
Extra:
* due to decreased aldosterone synthesis -> hypoldosteronism
Watch Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-renal/videos/medical-pathophysiology-renal-volume-electrolyte-and-acidbase-disorders-renal-tubular-acidosis-rta?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
Watch Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine/videos/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine-adrenal-disorders-congenital-adrenal-hyperplasia-cah?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal?ref=anki
Flashcard 319: Autosomal dominant PKD may present in young adults with _____ due to increased renin
Answer: hypertension
Extra:
Watch Congenital & Cystic Kidney Disease [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-renal/videos/medical-pathophysiology-renal-congenital-and-chronic-kidney-disease-congenital-and-cystic-kidney-disease?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal?ref=anki
Atlas:
Flashcard 320: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a(n) _____ restrictive lung disease
Answer: intrinsic
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonary/restrictive-lung-disease/acquire?ref=anki
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