Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 1511: Which form of polycythemia is associated with ectopic EPO production (e.g. malignancy, hydronephrosis)? _____

Answer: Inappropriate absolute polycythemia

Flashcard 1512: Systemic lupus erythematosus flare during pregnancy is distinguished from preeclampsia by the presence of _____ on urinalysis and classic symptoms of SLE (e.g. joint pain, malar rash)

Answer: RBC casts

Flashcard 1513: Tumor lysis syndrome is most common with treatment of _____ and acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Answer: lymphomas

Flashcard 1514: Extrinsic causes of restrictive lung disease are characterized by a(n) _____ DLCO

Answer: normal

Flashcard 1515: What is the management for Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction? _____

Answer: Supportive - fluids, acetaminophen, NSAIDs

Flashcard 1516: What is the best test to differentiate asthma from COPD? _____

Answer: Spirometry before and after an inhaled bronchodilator

Flashcard 1517: The source of candidemia is more likely due to _____

Answer: intravascular catheter

Flashcard 1518: Which fluid is used to restore tonicity in hypernatremia that manifests slowly (several days)? _____

Answer: D5 1/2NS (5% Dextrose in 0.45% Normal Saline)

Flashcard 1519: If parkinsonism predates cognitive impairment by >1 year, this is suggestive of _____

Answer: Parkinson disease dementia

Flashcard 1520: What are three major cardiac associations with Marfan syndrome?

Answer: 1. Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) 2. Aortic root dilation (leading to aortic regurgitation) 3. Aortic dissection

Extra: Mnemonic: "The **MVP** tall dude **cuts** (dissection) the thoracic aorta and causes blood to **leak backwards** (regurgitation)." Pathophysiology: Mutation in the **FBN1** gene encoding **fibrillin-1**, leading to cystic medial necrosis of the aorta.