Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 1451: Low-dose aspirin (81 mg) is considered for **primary prevention** in adults aged **40 to 59 years** with a 10-year cardiovascular risk of: _____

Answer: ≥10%

Extra: USPSTF 2022 Guidelines for Primary Prevention of CVD: - **Aged 40-59 years with ≥10% 10-year risk**: Individual decision (Grade C). - **Aged 60+ years**: Recommend against initiating for primary prevention (Grade D). Note: The 2016 guidelines previously focused on the 50-59 age group with a stronger (Grade B) recommendation.

Flashcard 1452: Which genital infection is characterized by a single painless ulcer (chancre) often with painless bilateral lymphadenopathy? _____

Answer: Treponema pallidum (primary syphilis)

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/genital-ulcers/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 1453: Asplenic patients have ↑ risk of infection by _____, so give vaccines for S. Pneumo, H. Flu, and N. Meningitidis

Answer: encapsulated bacteria

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 1454: _____ presents with a pericardial fluid accumulation

Answer: Cardiac tamponade

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology/pericardial-disease/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 1455: Prominent J waves on ECG are typically indicative of _____

Answer: hypothermia

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 1456: _____ syndrome is a pathology of the lower spinal cord that results in symmetric motor weakness

Answer: Conus medullaris

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 1457: Evidence of protein in the urine (albumin) is indication for _____ for those with diabetes

Answer: ACE-inhibitor

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki  

Flashcard 1458: What diagnosis is suggested by back and radicular pain with a positive straight leg raise test?\n_____

Answer: Lumbar disc herniation

Flashcard 1459: Unstable pericardial effusion is managed with _____ Stable pericardial effusion is managed with _____

Answer: pericardiocentesis

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 1460: Hyperparathyroidism with high phosphate levels = _____

Answer: renal failure

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrine?ref=anki