Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 1391: Which neuromuscular junction pathology, MG or LEMS, is characterized by fluctuating muscle weakness? _____

Answer: Myasthenia gravis

Flashcard 1392: What supportive medication is required to improve long-term survival in patients with β-thalassemia? _____

Answer: Chelation therapy

Extra: Chelation therapy (e.g., deferoxamine) prevents iron overload-induced organ damage (specifically siderotic cardiomyopathy), which is the primary cause of death in transfusion-dependent patients.

Flashcard 1393: _____ ulcer: location typically involves the lateral malleolus and distal points (e.g., toes)

Answer: Arterial

Flashcard 1394: In addition to estrogen exposure, _____ to the chest (e.g. for lymphoma) and BRCA1/2 mutation increases risk for breast cancer

Answer: radiation

Flashcard 1395: Older adult with gait dysfunction, LMN signs in the arms and UMN signs in the legs is suggestive of _____

Answer: cervical myelopathy

Flashcard 1396: _____ is a heart murmur heard at the second right intercostal space during systole; it is associated with parvus et tardus (weak and delayed carotid pulse).

Answer: Aortic stenosis

Extra: Aortic stenosis classically presents with the triad of SAD: Syncope, Angina, and Dyspnea on exertion.

Flashcard 1397: What is the normal range for ankle-brachial index (ABI)? _____ Mild to moderate PAD? _____

Answer: 1-1.4

Flashcard 1398: Which blistering skin disorder presents in an elderly person with tense blisters that don't rupture easily? _____

Answer: Bullous pemphigoid

Flashcard 1399: What is the management for a patient with post-ictal lactic acidosis? _____

Answer: Conservative management

Flashcard 1400: Thyroiditis = _____thyroidism

Answer: hyper