Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 1061: IV β-blockers (e.g. labetalol, esmolol) are useful in the acute management of aortic _____

Answer: dissection

Extra: Sketchy Pharmacology: Autonomics (β-blockers)

Flashcard 1062: A triad of cardiac tamponade, massive hemorrhage, and hypovolemic shock is characteristic of _____ rupture

Answer: thoracic aortic aneurysm

Flashcard 1063: Acinetobacter baumannii can cause ventilator-associated _____

Answer: pneumonia

Flashcard 1064: Do lower motoneuron lesions present with clasp knife spasticity? _____

Answer: No

Flashcard 1065: Acromegaly may present with _____ due to tongue enlargement and upper airway obstruction

Answer: obstructive sleep apnea

Extra: Acromegaly is characterized by excess Growth Hormone (GH), usually from a pituitary adenoma. GH stimulates the liver to produce IGF-1, which mediates most of the growth-promoting effects. Macroglossia and soft tissue hypertrophy in the upper airway lead to Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA).

Flashcard 1066: One possible complication of mitral stenosis is _____ and hoarseness due to left atrial dilatation and compression of surrounding structures

Answer: dysphagia

Flashcard 1067: What is the treatment for obstructive shock? _____

Answer: Relieve obstruction

Flashcard 1068: Pulmonary emboli are usually clinically silent as the embolus is usually _____ and self-resolves

Answer: small

Flashcard 1069: What is the state of the adrenal glands in Cushing syndrome due to a paraneoplastic (ectopic) ACTH secretion? _____

Answer: Hyperplasia of both adrenal glands

Extra: *hyperplasia due to constant stimulation from ACTH

Flashcard 1070: What type of anemia is caused by TTP, HUS, DIC, and HELLP? _____

Answer: Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia

Extra: Other: