Lipid metabolism — Flashcards

Flashcard 191: In type 1 diabetics, increased lipolysis leads to an increase in free fatty acids which are converted to _____ in the liver

Answer: ketone bodies

Extra: * lack of insulin -> no inhibition of HSL -> lipolysis

Flashcard 192: Pregnenolone may be converted to _____ via the enzyme 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

Answer: progesterone

Flashcard 193: What salivary enzyme begins the initial digestion of fats? _____

Answer: Lingual lipase

Flashcard 194: Cortisol travels in the blood bound to _____

Answer: corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG)

Flashcard 195: Hormone-sensitive lipase is stimulated by _____ and cortisol

Answer: epinephrine

Extra: Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) degrades triglycerides stored in adipocytes. Stimulated by: Epinephrine, Glucagon, Cortisol, ACTH, Growth hormone. Inhibited by: Insulin, Niacin.

Flashcard 196: Is glycerol polar or nonpolar? _____

Answer: Polar

Flashcard 197: What substance is the primary regulator of membrane fluidity? _____

Answer: Cholesterol

Flashcard 198: In naturally occurring fatty acids, double bonds are in the _____ configuration

Answer: cis

Flashcard 199: Type III familial dyslipidemia is due to a defective _____ allele

Answer: Apo E

Flashcard 200: Activation of the coagulation cascade requires the _____ surface of platelets

Answer: phospholipid