Brown vs. white adipose tissue — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: In adipose tissue, triglycerides are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids by the enzyme _____

Answer: hormone sensitive lipase

Flashcard 2: Where does the energy to power gluconeogenesis come from in a starvation state?

Answer: Beta-oxidation of fatty acids

Flashcard 3: The triglycerides inside the VLDL are broken down into _____ by lipoprotein lipase in the vicinity of the adipocytes (or peripheral tissue)

Answer: fatty acids

Flashcard 4: Once inside the adipocyte, fatty acids are reconverted into _____

Answer: triglycerides

Flashcard 5: lipoamide

Answer: acyl groups

Flashcard 6: Where does fatty acid oxidation take place?

Answer: mitochondria

Flashcard 7: Where does fatty acid synthesis take place?

Answer: cytoplasm

Flashcard 8: Where does steroid synthesis take place?

Answer: SER

Flashcard 9: Where does cholesterol synthesis take place?

Answer: Cytosol and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)

Flashcard 10: Which intermediate of fatty acid synthesis inhibits beta-oxidation (fatty acid breakdown)?

Answer: Malonyl-CoA inhibits Carnitine Acyltransferase I (CAT-I).

Extra: This is the mechanism that prevents the simultaneous synthesis and degradation of fatty acids. Malonyl-CoA is the product of the rate-limiting step of fatty acid synthesis (catalyzed by Acetyl-CoA carboxylase) and it inhibits the rate-limiting step of beta-oxidation (the carnitine shuttle).