Fatty acid synthesis — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: _____ CoA is the only fatty acid carbon that may be used to make glucose (via gluconeogenesis)

Answer: Propionyl

Flashcard 2: The first step of fatty acid synthesis is transport of _____ from the mitochondria to the cytosol through its shuttle

Answer: citrate

Flashcard 3: One non-volatile acid is _____ acid, which is generated from metabolism of phospholipids

Answer: phosphoric

Flashcard 4: Ketogenesis begins with _____, which is provided by beta-oxidation of fatty acids

Answer: acetyl-CoA

Flashcard 5: Fatty acyl-carnitine is transported from the intermembrane space into the mitochondrial matrix via the _____ transporter

Answer: Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase

Extra: The **carnitine shuttle** involves: 1. **CPT I:** Located on the outer mitochondrial membrane; converts Acyl-CoA to Acyl-carnitine. 2. **Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase:** Located on the inner mitochondrial membrane; transports Acyl-carnitine into the matrix in exchange for carnitine. 3. **CPT II:** Located on the inner mitochondrial membrane; converts Acyl-carnitine back to Acyl-CoA for beta-oxidation.

Flashcard 6: lipoamide

Answer: acyl groups

Flashcard 7: Where does fatty acid oxidation take place?

Answer: mitochondria

Flashcard 8: Where does fatty acid synthesis take place?

Answer: cytoplasm

Flashcard 9: Where does steroid synthesis take place?

Answer: SER

Flashcard 10: Where does cholesterol synthesis take place?

Answer: Cytosol and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)