Anticancer Drugs — Flashcards
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Antineoplastic agents extracted from the Periwinkle plant is: _____ also called Catharanthus roseus
_____ is a drug of choice for mesothelioma.
Hint: Antifolate drug
Aldesleukin is a recombinant form of _____ used to treat renal cell carcinoma and metastatic melanoma
Cetuximab is a monoclonal antibody against the _____ Receptor most commonly used to treat Stage IV colorectal cancer
Palbociclib is used to treat Breast Cancer that is ER _____ and HER2 -
Leflunomide is an antimetabolite that reversibly inhibits _____ preventing pyrimidine synthesis
Vitamin _____ may be used to treat measles and acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML)
Breast cancer that is ER+ and PR+ is most likely to respond to anti-_____ agents such as tamoxifen
Sirolimus works by binding _____, which inhibits the mTOR signalling complex involved in cell growth
_____ is a monoclonal antibody against PDGFR- and blocks ligand-mediated receptor activation
Anticancer Drugs Indian Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Anticancer Drugs with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Anticancer Drugs Flashcard Deck - 146 Cards
Flashcard 1: Antineoplastic agents extracted from the Periwinkle plant is: _____ also called Catharanthus roseus
Answer: Vinca alkaloids
Flashcard 2: _____ is a drug of choice for mesothelioma.
Answer: Pemetrexed
Flashcard 3: Aldesleukin is a recombinant form of _____ used to treat renal cell carcinoma and metastatic melanoma
Answer: IL-2
Flashcard 4: Cetuximab is a monoclonal antibody against the _____ Receptor most commonly used to treat Stage IV colorectal cancer
Answer: EGF
Flashcard 5: Palbociclib is used to treat Breast Cancer that is ER _____ and HER2 -
Answer: +
Flashcard 6: Leflunomide is an antimetabolite that reversibly inhibits _____ preventing pyrimidine synthesis
Answer: dihydroorotate dehydrogenase
Flashcard 7: Vitamin _____ may be used to treat measles and acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML)
Answer: A
Flashcard 8: Breast cancer that is ER+ and PR+ is most likely to respond to anti-_____ agents such as tamoxifen
Answer: estrogenic
Flashcard 9: Sirolimus works by binding _____, which inhibits the mTOR signalling complex involved in cell growth
Answer: FKBP
Flashcard 10: _____ is a monoclonal antibody against PDGFR- and blocks ligand-mediated receptor activation
Answer: Olaratumab
Flashcard 11: High-dose _____ with leucovorin rescue (HDM-L) is a standard agent for adjuvant therapy of osteosarcoma*also used for?
Answer: methotrexate
Flashcard 12: Because Her2/Neu is expressed on the _____, Trastuzumab can cause Heart failure
Answer: Heart
Flashcard 13: The two chimeric antitumor monoclonal antibodies are _____ and cetuximab
Answer: rituximab
Flashcard 14: Cyclophosphamide can be used as an immunosuppresant for the treatment of _____ nephritis, as well as for systemic vasculitides
Answer: lupus
Flashcard 15: _____ and sorafenib are small molecules that inhibit the VEGFR tyrosine kinase
Answer: Sunitinib
Flashcard 16: Platinum based antineoplastics are indicated for various carcinomas that affect the _____ system, Reproductive system, and Respiratory system
Answer: Genitourinary
Flashcard 17: Trastuzumab is indicated for _____-positive cancers, the most important example being breast cancer
Answer: Her2
Flashcard 18: As an antineoplastic, Denosumab can be used for _____ as well as metastases to bone
Answer: Giant Cell Tumor of Bone
Flashcard 19: Eribulin is a chemotherapeutic that works by inhibiting microtubule _____ and sequestering tubulin into nonfunctional aggregates
Answer: assembly
Flashcard 20: As two classes of antineoplastic agents that modulate microtubule structure, the distinction lies in that vinca-alkaloids prevent microtubule _____ whereas taxanes prevent microtubule disassembly
Answer: assembly
Flashcard 21: Cyclosporine and Tacrolimus are _____ inhibitors that block T cell activation by preventing IL-2 transcription
Answer: calcineurin
Flashcard 22: Basiliximab is used prophylactically to reduce _____ in patients who have received kidneys
Answer: transplant rejection
Flashcard 23: Cyclophosphamide attaches an alkyl group to the _____ of guanine
Answer: seventh nitrogen (N-7)
Flashcard 24: _____ is a MEK inhibitor that is often co-administered with vemurafenib.
Answer: Trametinib
Flashcard 25: Both _____ and cetuximab are antitumor chimeric antibodies associated with serum sickness
Answer: rituximab
Flashcard 26: Which of the cytotoxic microtubule inhibitors bind -tubulin and inhibit polymerization?_____
Answer: Vincristine
Flashcard 27: _____ directly inhibits PRPP amidotransferase, which normally catalyzes conversion of PRPP to 5-phosphoribosylamine (purine synthesis)
Answer: 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP)
Flashcard 28: As an antineoplastic, Methotrexate is primarily indicated for cancers of lymphocytes, particularly _____ and lymphomas
Answer: leukemias
Flashcard 29: Metastatic or unresectable melanoma in patients with BRAF _____ mutations may benefit from vemurafenib, a BRAF kinase inhibitor
Answer: V600E
Flashcard 30: _____ inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase in eukaryotes (pyrimidine synthesis)
Answer: Methotrexate (MTX)
Flashcard 31: Platinum analogs are associated with _____-toxicity and oto-toxicity
Answer: nephro
Flashcard 32: Bleomycin treats both _____ malignancies and solid tumors
Answer: hematologic
Flashcard 33: When injected intravenously, 5FU can be used to treat _____ cancer and pancreatic cancer
Answer: colon
Flashcard 34: Ifosfamide attaches an alkyl group to the _____ of guanine
Answer: seventh nitrogen (N-7)
Flashcard 35: Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy may be treated with _____ or pamidronate, which inhibits bone resorption
Answer: zoledronate (a bisphosphonate)
Flashcard 36: Azathioprine is converted to _____, a cytotoxic purine analog
Answer: 6-mercaptopurine
Flashcard 37: Ifosfamide can cause neurotoxicity due to buildup of its metabolite _____, which can be treated with methylene blue
Answer: chloroacetaldehyde (CAA)
Flashcard 38: Which of the cytotoxic microtubule inhibitors prevent mitotic spindle formation?_____
Answer: Vincristine
Flashcard 39: Bleomycin is an antineoplastic antibiotic indicated for _____ as well as cancers of the reproductive system
Answer: lymphoma
Flashcard 40: Anthracyclines (doxorubicin, daunorubicin) _____ into DNA, blocking DNA and RNA synthesis
Answer: intercalate
Flashcard 41: Which two drugs are cytotoxic vinca alkaloids?_____
Answer: Vincristine
Flashcard 42: Which chemotherapeutic drugs cross-link DNA at the guanine N-7?_____
Answer: Cyclophosphamide
Flashcard 43: _____ inhibits thymidylate synthase, which catalyzes conversion of dUMP to dTMP (pyrimidine synthesis)
Answer: 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)
Flashcard 44: _____ is an immunostimulant that works by targeting the PD-1 receptor
Answer: Pembrolizumab
Flashcard 45: Antineoplastic agents extracted from the _____ plant is: Vinca alkaloidsalso called Catharanthus roseus
Answer: Periwinkle
Flashcard 46: Because Bevacizumab impairs sustained _____, this makes it especially useful for metastatic tumors
Answer: angiogenesis
Flashcard 47: Taxanes are used to treat for _____ and ovarian carcinomas
Answer: breast
Flashcard 48: Actinomycin D _____ into DNA, blocking DNA and RNA synthesis
Answer: intercalates
Flashcard 49: _____ and allopurinol are used prior to initiation of chemotherapy to decrease risk of urate-induced acute tubular necrosis
Answer: Hydration
Flashcard 50: Paclitaxel and other taxanes can be used to treat _____ and breast carcinoma
Answer: ovarian
Flashcard 51: Cyclophosphamide use can result in _____, with the bladder toxicity arising from the metabolite acrolein
Answer: hemorrhagic cystitis
Flashcard 52: Etoposide and teniposide have activity against both _____ and solid tumor malignancies
Answer: hematological
Flashcard 53: _____ is a cytotoxic plant alkaloid associated with peripheral neuropathy (neurotoxicity)
Answer: Paclitaxel
Flashcard 54: Cyclophosphamide can result in _____, with resultant hypo-natremia
Answer: SIADH
Flashcard 55: What anti-neoplastic agents may cause interstitial restrictive lung disease? _____, busulfan, methotrexate, and procarbazine
Answer: Bleomycin
Flashcard 56: Present chemotherapy regimen used for breast cancer is ACT, i.e., _____, Cyclophosphamide, and Taxane (Paclitaxel)
Answer: Adriamycin
Flashcard 57: Topotecan, a Topoisomerase I inhibitor, is used to treat cancers of the _____ system and small cell lung cancer
Answer: female reproductive
Flashcard 58: Ruxolitinib is used to treat chronic myeloproliferative disorders that have _____ mutations including myelofibrosis and polycythemia vera
Answer: JAK2
Flashcard 59: Because Cytarabine targets lymphocytes, it is indicated for _____ as well as Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma
Answer: leukemias
Flashcard 60: Procarbazine has notable side effects; including _____ toxicity and leukemia*bonus: pts shouldn't eat what food?
Answer: pulmonary
Flashcard 61: Alemtuzumab is primarily used to treat _____ and Multiple Sclerosis
Answer: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Flashcard 62: Anthracyclines (doxorubicin, daunorubicin) treat both _____ malignancies and solid tumors
Answer: hematologic
Flashcard 63: _____ and dabrafenib work as BRAF kinase inhibitors
Answer: Vemurafenib
Flashcard 64: -Posides (Topoisomerase II inhibitor antineoplastics) are used to treat solid tumors, particularly _____ cancer and small cell lung cancer
Answer: testicular
Flashcard 65: Proteasomal inhibitors (_____) are antineoplastics that inhibit cell cycle progression at the G2-M phase
Answer: -zomibs
Flashcard 66: Imatinib can inhibit the receptor tyrosine kinase _____, making it useful for GI Stromal Tumors (GIST)
Answer: c-Kit
Flashcard 67: Thymidine synthesis inhibitor (MTX, 5-FU, hydroxyurea) use can result in _____-suppression and pan-cytopenia
Answer: myelo
Flashcard 68: Bleomycin has a _____ binding region and an iron binding region
Answer: DNA
Flashcard 69: Tyrosine Kinase inhibitors work by targeting downstream signaling pathways involved in growth - the most important being:- _____ leads to increased Bcl-2 expression (anti-apoptosis)- JAK/STAT which would've led to increased cell proliferation- Ras/MAPK which would've led to increased cell growth- Src/FAK which would've led to increased cell motility (invasion) and decreased cell adhesion (migration)
Answer: PI3K/Akt
Flashcard 70: _____ is a GnRH antagonist used to treat prostate cancer.
Answer: Degarelix
Flashcard 71: _____ is a prodrug of 5-fluorouracil with similar activity
Answer: Capecitabine
Flashcard 72: The P-glycoprotein is an _____-dependent efflux pump that tumors can produce to generate chemotherapeutic resistance
Answer: ATP
Flashcard 73: _____ is an androgen receptor inhibitor indicated for the treatment of patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Answer: Apalutamide
Flashcard 74: _____ is a monoclonal antibody against glycolipid GD2 approved for pediatric neuroblastoma
Answer: Dinutuximab
Flashcard 75: Vinblastine and Vincristine treat both _____ and solid tumor malignancies
Answer: hematologic
Flashcard 76: _____ acts as a competitive antagonist of the SMO (smoothens hedgehog) receptor in the hedgehog signaling pathway.
Answer: Vismodegib
Flashcard 77: Anthracyclines (doxorubicin, daunorubicin) form _____ which cause breaks in DNA
Answer: free radicals
Flashcard 78: Traztusumab works by binding _____, preventing it from dimerizing with the EGFR receptor
Answer: Her2/Neu
Flashcard 79: Bifunctional alkylating agents usually transfers _____ group to DNA resulting in cross-linking.
Answer: ethyl
Flashcard 80: _____ is an antimetabolite that inhibits pyrimidine synthesis inhibiting Ribonucleotide Reductase, thus blocking Thymidine synthesis
Answer: Hydroxyurea
Flashcard 81: Platinum based antineoplastics can cause side effects which might make ya say NOPE- _____, in particular Acute Tubular Necrosis- Ototoxicity- Peripheral Neuropathy- Emesis
Answer: Nephrotoxicity
Flashcard 82: Platinum analogs (-platin suffix) bind _____ and form intra-strand and inter-strand cross-links
Answer: DNA
Flashcard 83: _____ works as an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Answer: Erlotinib
Flashcard 84: _____ is a bispecific monoclonal antibody, that binds simultaneously to CD3 on T cells and to CD19 on B cells.
Answer: Blinatumomab
Flashcard 85: Alkylating agents donate an _____ group that cross-links DNA, resulting in cell apoptosis
Answer: alkyl
Flashcard 86: Prostatic adenocarcinoma may be treated with _____ analogs (e.g. leuprolide) and/or androgen receptor inhibitors (e.g. flutamide)
Answer: GnRH
Flashcard 87: _____ is a small-molecule inhibitor of BCL-2
Answer: Venetoclax
Flashcard 88: Interferon _____ may be used in the treatment of neoplasms, including hairy cell leukemia and malignant melanoma
Answer: alpha
Flashcard 89: Secondary mechanism of action of _____ is inhibition of AICAR tranformylase
Answer: Methotrexate
Flashcard 90: Ifosfamide use can result in _____, with the bladder toxicity arising from the metabolite acrolein
Answer: hemorrhagic cystitis
Flashcard 91: Bevacizumab has an increased risk of _____ and thrombotic events
Answer: bleeding
Flashcard 92: Which chemotherapeutic drugs are associated with hemorrhagic cystitis with acrolein in urine?_____
Answer: Cyclophosphamide
Flashcard 93: Because sorafenib targets VEGF, areas that are highly vascularized will be affected such as the _____ and the kidney
Answer: skin
Flashcard 94: Intercalation of Anthracyclines into DNA inhibits the progression of Topoisomerase II and induces eviction of histones
Answer:
Flashcard 95: The main acute side effect of Tisagenlecleucel is _____ while a potential long term risk is the potential for insertional mutagenesis
Answer: Cytokine Release Syndrome
Flashcard 96: Which two solid tumors specifically can etoposide and teniposide (topoisomerase II inhibitors) be used to treat?_____, Small cell lung carcinoma
Answer: Testicular carcinoma
Flashcard 97: Etoposide and teniposide can result in _____-suppression and immuno-suppression
Answer: myelo
Flashcard 98: Acute promyelocytic leukemia is treated with _____, a vitamin A derivative, as well as arsenic
Answer: all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)
Flashcard 99: _____ and olaparib are PARP inhibitors approved for the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer.
Answer: Rucaparib
Flashcard 100: Cladribine is activated primarily in _____, and works by inhibiting the enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA)
Answer: lymphocytes
Flashcard 101: _____ is a Hedgehog pathway inhibitor, used for eye-sparing adjuvant therapy of periocular and orbital BCC
Answer: Vismodegib
Flashcard 102: Bleomycin forms _____ which cause breaks in DNA
Answer: free radicals
Flashcard 103: The new FDA-approved immune checkpoint inhibitor for carcinoma endometrium is _____.
Answer: pembrolizumab
Flashcard 104: Patients with Menetrier's disease can be treated with _____ (monoclonal antibody against EGFR)
Answer: cetuximab
Flashcard 105: Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome is most commonly associated with use of high-dose _____
Answer: busulfan
Flashcard 106: _____ is a dual inhibitor of epidermal growth factor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER 2) tyrosine kinase.
Answer: Lapatinib
Flashcard 107: Which MAPK inhibitor is approved for treatment of plexiform neurofibroma?_____
Answer: Selumetinib
Flashcard 108: Which monoclonal antibody is indicated against VEGF receptor?_____
Answer: Ramucirumab
Flashcard 109: Which drug is used for trastuzumab refractory breast cancer?_____
Answer: Lapatinib/Neratinib
Flashcard 110: Which biphasic monoclonal antibody is useful for treating malignant ascitis?_____
Answer: Catumaxomab
Flashcard 111: Nitrosoureas are _____directly acting carcinogens
Answer:
Flashcard 112: _____ is indicated as a first-line treatment for the management of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
Answer: Sorafenib
Flashcard 113: _____ is an irreversible aromatase inhibitor.
Answer: Exemestane
Flashcard 114: Methotrexate resistance is due to the overproduction of _____
Answer: DHFR.
Flashcard 115: What cell cycle phase does 5-FU act at in lower doses?_____
Answer: G2-M phase
Flashcard 116: Cerebellar toxicity is seen with which anti-cancer drug?_____
Answer: Cytarabine
Flashcard 117: _____-acting carcinogens require no metabolic conversion to become carcinogenic (incl. cancer chemorx drugs)
Answer: Direct
Flashcard 118: Which drug is highly effective for relapsed or refractory acute promyelocytic leukemia?_____
Answer: Arsenic trioxide
Flashcard 119: Sustained neutropenia is seen with _____
Answer: nitrosoureas (alkylating agent class)
Flashcard 120: Which anticancer agent is associated with secondary leukemia?_____
Answer: Cisplatin
Flashcard 121: Raloxifene is used in risk reduction for _____invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal females with osteoporosis or women with a high risk for invasive breast cancer
Answer:
Flashcard 122: Drug found to increase the survival in locally advanced pancreatic cancer is _____.
Answer: gemcitabine
Flashcard 123: _____ is associated with hypercoagulable state, hyperglycemia and hemorrhage
Answer: L-asparaginase (Enzyme)
Flashcard 124: Which antitumor antibiotic is useful in the mx of laryngotracheal stenosis?_____
Answer: Topical Mitomycin-C
Flashcard 125: _____ is a selective estrogen receptor down-regulator
Answer: Fulvestrant
Flashcard 126: What chemotherapy regimen is used for first line mx of thyroid lymphoma?_____
Answer: RCHOP
Flashcard 127: Which alkylating agent is used as the first line therapy for management of glioblastoma multiforme?_____
Answer: Temozolomide
Flashcard 128: Radiation recall syndrome is associated with the use of which anti-cancer drugs?_____
Answer: Anthracyclines
Flashcard 129: Chemotherapy for retinoblastoma commonly used is a three-drug regimen containing (VCE) _____
Answer: Vincristine, Carboplatin and Etoposide
Flashcard 130: Which anti-metabolite drug increases binding of thyroid hormone to TBG?_____
Answer: 5-FU
Flashcard 131: Which kinase inhibitor has recently been approved for rx of breast cancer (Her2 +ve) with brain mets?_____
Answer: Tucatinib
Flashcard 132: What cell cycle phase does 5-FU act at in higher doses?_____
Answer: G1-S phase
Flashcard 133: _____ use can result in diabetes mellitus due to the destruction of beta cells of the pancreas
Answer: Streptozocin (Alkylating agent)
Flashcard 134: Other drugs useful in treatment of APML (apart from ATRA) include Tretinoin and _____
Answer: idarubicin
Flashcard 135: Bisphosphonates are also indicated for osteo_____ bone metastasis
Answer: clastic (clastic/blastic)
Flashcard 136: L-asparaginase is used in the treatment of _____
Answer: acute lymphoid leukaemia (ALL)
Flashcard 137: _____ component of the CRT acts as radio-sensitizing agent.
Answer: Chemotherapy::Chemo/Radio
Flashcard 138: _____ is used as a first-line agent for the management of glioblastoma multiforme.
Answer: Temozolomide
Flashcard 139: _____ is inhibitor of CD138 used in multiple myeloma
Answer: Daratumumab
Flashcard 140: Monitoring of the methotrexate therapy is done every 2-3 months with CBC, LFTs, and serum _____.
Answer: creatinine
Flashcard 141: Drug of choice for treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors is:
Answer: Imatinib
Flashcard 142: Drug of choice for choriocarcinoma is?
Answer: Methotrexate
Flashcard 143: Drug of choice for treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia is
Answer: Imatinib
Flashcard 144: Drug of choice for EGFR T790M mutation of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer is
Answer: Osimertinib
Flashcard 145: Drug of choice for Hairy cell leukemia
Answer: Cladribine
Flashcard 146: _______ is a drug of choice for Mesothelioma.
Answer: Pemetrexed
Keywords: Anticancer Drugs flashcards, medical flashcards, NEET PG preparation, USMLE Step 1 flashcards, Anki alternative, spaced repetition medical, OnCourse flashcards
Study by Chapter
Principles of Cancer Chemotherapy
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Alkylating Agents
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Antimetabolites
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Antitumor Antibiotics
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Plant Alkaloids
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Topoisomerase Inhibitors
Flashcards
Hormonal Agents
Flashcards
Targeted Therapy
Flashcards
Immunotherapy
Flashcards
Management of Chemotherapy Side Effects
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