Hematopathology — Flashcards

Flashcard 281: Cells in acute myeloid leukemia are _____ for CD33

Answer: positive

Flashcard 282: Which thrombin-like enzyme is used to differentiate the effect of heparin from afibrinogenemia?

Answer: Reptilase

Extra: Reptilase (from *Bothrops atrox* venom) is a thrombin-like enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin but is **not** inhibited by the heparin-antithrombin III complex. - **Heparin presence:** Prolonged Thrombin Time (TT), Normal Reptilase Time (RT). - **Afibrinogenemia/Dysfibrinogenemia:** Both Thrombin Time and Reptilase Time are prolonged.

Flashcard 283: Histopathological finding of follicular hyperplasia (germinal centers) with a vascular core point towards the diagnosis of _____

Answer: Castleman's disease

Flashcard 284: What is the etiological agent for lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia?_____

Answer: Hepatitis C virus

Flashcard 285: alpha-heavy chain disease is known as _____ disease

Answer: Seligmann's

Flashcard 286: What is the maximum threshold for absolute basophilia in the diagnosis of atypical chronic myeloid leukemia (aCML)?

Answer: < 2% of total leukocytes

Extra: Atypical CML (BCR-ABL1 negative) is a myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm. Diagnostic criteria include: 1. Leukocytosis (WBC ≥ 13 x 10⁹/L) 2. Neutrophil precursors (promyelocytes, myelocytes, metamyelocytes) ≥ 10% of WBC 3. Minimal absolute basophilia (< 2% of WBC) 4. Minimal monocytosis (< 10% of WBC) 5. Marked dysgranulopoiesis 6. Absence of BCR-ABL1 fusion or other specific rearrangements (PDGFRA, PDGFRB, FGFR1, PCM1-JAK2).

Flashcard 287: T-cell immunophenotype indicates _____ prognosis in acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL).

Answer: poor

Flashcard 288: A _____ LAP score is seen in multiple myeloma

Answer: high

Flashcard 289: What is the most common cytogenetic change in children suffering from myelodysplastic syndrome?_____

Answer: Monosomy 7

Flashcard 290: _____ incompatibility is the most common cause of hemolytic disease of newborn and affects the first-born.

Answer: ABO