NEET-PG 2024 - Anatomy PYQs Practice Questions

Q: At what age does maximum brain growth occur?

6 months. ***6 months*** - **Brain growth** is most rapid during the early postnatal period, with the brain reaching almost **50% of its adult size by 6 months of age**. - This period involves rapid **synaptogenesis** and myelination, crucial for early cognitive and motor development. *1 year* - While significant **brain growth** continues, the peak rate of increase in brain volume has typically passed by 1 year. - At this age, the brain has reached approximately **75% of its adult size**. *2 years* - By 2 years, the brain is about **80% of its adult size**, indicating ongoing but slower growth compared to the first year. - This period is more characterized by refinement of neural circuits rather than rapid volumetric expansion. *3 years* - At 3 years, the brain has attained around **90% of its adult size**, though important developmental changes continue. - The rate of **neural development** at this stage largely focuses on strengthening existing connections and pruning less used ones. *5 years* - By 5 years, the brain has reached approximately **90-95% of its adult size**, with growth significantly slower than in earlier years. - Development at this age focuses primarily on **synaptic pruning** and refinement of neural networks rather than volumetric growth. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: The Image shows the growth curve of different organs with age. Identify A in the graph

Brain Growth. ***Brain Growth*** - This graph shows a rapid increase in size during early childhood, reaching near-adult proportions by age 5-6, which is characteristic of **brain development**. - The brain undergoes significant myelinization and neuronal growth in the first few years of life, reflected in this steep curve. *Somatic Growth* - **Somatic growth** (body as a whole) generally follows a more gradual S-shaped curve, with two major growth spurts: one in infancy and another during puberty. - It does not plateau as early as curve A, but continues to increase significantly through adolescence. *Lymphoid Growth* - **Lymphoid tissues** (e.g., thymus, lymph nodes) show a unique growth pattern, peaking in size around 10-12 years of age and then involuting or decreasing in size during adolescence. - This pattern is distinctly different from curve A, which continuously increases and plateaus. *Gonadal Growth* - **Gonadal growth** (reproductive organs) typically shows minimal growth during childhood, with a pronounced and rapid increase in size starting at puberty (around 10-14 years of age). - This growth pattern is a later and more delayed surge compared to what is depicted in curve A. *Reproductive Growth* - **Reproductive growth** follows essentially the same pattern as gonadal growth, with minimal development during childhood and rapid acceleration during puberty. - Like gonadal tissues, reproductive organs show their major growth spurt much later than the early plateau seen in curve A. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Identify the uterus shown in the image?

Bicornuate. ***Bicornuate*** - The image displays a uterus with two distinct uterine horns that are partially fused at the fundus, creating a **heart-shaped external indentation**. - This morphology is characteristic of a **bicornuate uterus**, which results from incomplete fusion of the paramesonephric (Müllerian) ducts. *Didelphys* - A **uterus didelphys** would show two completely separate uteri, each with its own cervix and often a separate vagina. - The image clearly shows a single cervix and a single vaginal canal, with only the upper uterine body being divided. *Arcuate* - An **arcuate uterus** has a small, concave indentation at the fundus, but the overall shape is typically that of a normal uterus with a mild deformity. - The image shows a much more significant division of the uterine cavity than seen in an arcuate uterus. *Septate* - A **septate uterus** has a normal external contour but contains an internal septum that divides the uterine cavity into two parts. - The image demonstrates both internal and external division with a heart-shaped fundal indentation, which distinguishes bicornuate from septate uterus. *Unicornuate* - A **unicornuate uterus** results from failure of one Müllerian duct to develop, creating a single elongated uterine horn. - The image shows two uterine horns, not a single horn, ruling out this diagnosis. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Linear growth of bone is disturbed when a fracture occurs in which part?

Epiphyseal plate. ***Epiphyseal plate*** - The **epiphyseal plate**, also known as the **growth plate**, is a cartilaginous disc responsible for the **longitudinal growth** of long bones. - A fracture in this region can damage the **chondrocytes** and disrupt the normal process of endochondral ossification, leading to **growth arrest** or limb length discrepancy. *Epiphysis* - The **epiphysis** is the end part of a long bone, often covered by **articular cartilage**, forming a joint. - While an epiphyseal fracture can affect joint function, it typically does not directly disturb the **linear growth** of the bone unless it extends into the growth plate. *Diaphysis* - The **diaphysis** is the main or midsection of a long bone, composed primarily of **compact bone**. - Fractures in the diaphysis generally heal through **callus formation** and remodeling, usually without significantly impacting the overall **linear growth** of the bone. *Metaphysis* - The **metaphysis** is the wider portion of a long bone, adjacent to the growth plate and diaphysis. - Though highly vascular, fractures to the metaphysis usually heal well and do not directly control **linear bone growth** like the epiphyseal plate. *Periosteum* - The **periosteum** is the fibrous membrane covering the outer surface of bones, important for **appositional growth** (bone widening) and fracture healing. - While it contains osteogenic cells that contribute to bone repair and thickness, it does not control **longitudinal bone growth**, which is the function of the epiphyseal plate. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Question 1

At what age does maximum brain growth occur?

Accepted Answer

6 months

Answer

1 year

Answer

2 years

Answer

3 years

Answer

5 years

Question 2

The Image shows the growth curve of different organs with age. Identify A in the graph

Accepted Answer

Brain Growth

Answer

Somatic Growth

Answer

Lymphoid Growth

Answer

Gonadal Growth

Answer

Reproductive Growth

Question 3

Identify the uterus shown in the image?

Accepted Answer

Bicornuate

Answer

Didelphys

Answer

Arcuate

Answer

Septate

Answer

Unicornuate

Question 4

Linear growth of bone is disturbed when a fracture occurs in which part?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate

Answer

Epiphysis

Answer

Diaphysis

Answer

Metaphysis

Answer

Periosteum

Question 5

The "O sign" formed by the thumb and index finger is affected. Which muscle is most likely injured?

Accepted Answer

Flexor pollicis longus

Answer

Opponens pollicis

Answer

Flexor pollicis brevis

Answer

Abductor pollicis brevis

Answer

Flexor digitorum profundus (index finger)

Question 6

An absent gag reflex can result from injury to which of the following nerves?

Accepted Answer

Cranial Nerve IX (Glossopharyngeal) and Cranial Nerve X (Vagus)

Answer

Cranial Nerve VII (Facial) and Cranial Nerve V (Trigeminal)

Answer

Cranial Nerve V (Trigeminal) and Cranial Nerve IX (Glossopharyngeal)

Answer

Cranial Nerve X (Vagus) and Cranial Nerve VII (Facial)

Answer

Cranial Nerve XII (Hypoglossal) and Cranial Nerve X (Vagus)

Question 7

Identify the arrow marked nerve
![img-2.jpeg](img-2.jpeg)

Accepted Answer

Medial pectoral nerve

Answer

Long thoracic nerve

Answer

Thoracodorsal nerve

Answer

Lateral pectoral nerve

Answer

Suprascapular nerve

Question 8

Identify the labeling correctly
![img-3.jpeg](img-3.jpeg)

Accepted Answer

A - Ascending aorta, B - Pulmonary trunk, C - Superior vena cava, D - Descending aorta

Answer

A - Ascending aorta, B - Superior vena cava, C - Pulmonary trunk, D - Descending aorta

Answer

A - Superior vena cava, B - Pulmonary trunk, C - Ascending aorta, D - Descending aorta

Answer

A - Pulmonary trunk, B - Ascending aorta, C - Superior vena cava, D - Descending aorta

Answer

A - Ascending aorta, B - Pulmonary trunk, C - Descending aorta, D - Superior vena cava

Question 9

The nerve passing through the arrow-marked region in the provided image has been lesioned. Which of the following is the most likely clinical presentation?

Accepted Answer

Loss of sensation in the maxillary area of the face

Answer

Loss of sensation in the jaw area

Answer

Loss of sensation on the scalp and nose

Answer

Loss of sensation in the mucosa of nasopharynx

Answer

Loss of motor function to muscles of facial expression

Question 10

The covering of an omphalocele is derived from which of the following layers?

Accepted Answer

Amnion

Answer

Chorion

Answer

Mesoderm

Answer

Endoderm

Answer

Ectoderm

NEET-PG 2024 — Anatomy