NEET-PG 2019 - Physiology Practice Questions

Q: Which of the following is false as physiological change in pregnancy?

Increase total protein. ***Increase total protein*** - During pregnancy, **plasma volume increases disproportionately more than the increase in red blood cell mass**, leading to hemodilution. - This hemodilution results in a **decrease in the concentration of total plasma proteins and albumin**, making this statement false. *Increase GFR* - **Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) increases significantly** during pregnancy (by 30-50%) due to increased renal plasma flow. - This physiological adaptation helps to clear the increased metabolic waste products produced by both the mother and the fetus. *Increase cardiac output* - **Cardiac output increases by 30-50%** during pregnancy, primarily due to increases in both heart rate and stroke volume. - This increased cardiac output ensures adequate blood supply to the uterus, placenta, and other maternal organs. *Increase plasma volume* - **Plasma volume increases substantially (up to 40-50%)** during pregnancy, starting in the first trimester and continuing until term. - This expansion of plasma volume is crucial for meeting the increased circulatory demands of pregnancy and supporting placental perfusion.

Q: Two identical twins will not have same:

Fingerprints. ***Fingerprints*** - **Fingerprints** are unique to each individual, even identical twins, because their formation is influenced by prenatal environmental factors such as **blood flow**, **amniotic fluid pressure**, and **baby's position in the womb**. - These environmental factors affect the development of **dermal ridges** during weeks 6-13 of gestation, leading to distinct patterns. *DNA* - **Identical twins** originate from a single fertilized egg that splits, meaning they share virtually **100% of their DNA**. - While minor epigenetic differences can occur, their core genetic code is the same. *Iris color* - **Iris color** is primarily determined by **genetics**, and since identical twins share the same genetic makeup, they typically have the same (or very similar) **eye color**. - Differences in iris patterns might exist, but the overall color is genetically programmed. *Blood group* - **Blood group** is an inherited trait determined by specific **antigens on red blood cells**, which are encoded by genes. - As identical twins share the same genetic information, they will have the **same blood type**.

Question 1

Which one of the following is a function of PGI2?

Accepted Answer

Causes blood vessel relaxation and prevents platelet clumping

Answer

Causes blood vessel constriction and prevents platelet clumping

Answer

Causes blood vessel constriction and promotes platelet clumping

Answer

Causes blood vessel relaxation and promotes platelet clumping

Question 2

Which of the following is false as physiological change in pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Increase total protein

Answer

Increase GFR

Answer

Increase cardiac output

Answer

Increase plasma volume

Question 3

Two identical twins will not have same:

Accepted Answer

Fingerprints

Answer

DNA

Answer

Iris color

Answer

Blood group

NEET-PG 2019 — Physiology