NEET-PG 2019 - Dermatology PYQs Practice Questions

Q: Identify the condition shown in the image.

Sebaceous cyst. ***Sebaceous cyst*** - The image indicates a **well-demarcated, raised lesion** within the scalp, covered by normal skin and surrounded by hair. This appearance is characteristic of a sebaceous cyst (also known as an epidermal or pilar cyst). - Sebaceous cysts are common, benign cysts filled with **keratin** and cellular debris, often arising from hair follicles, and are frequently found on the scalp, face, neck, and trunk. *Alopecia areata* - Alopecia areata typically presents as **smooth, circular patches of complete hair loss** without inflammation or scaling, often described as having "exclamation mark" hairs at the periphery. - The image shows a raised, somewhat erythematous lesion rather than a completely smooth patch of hair loss. *Trichotillomania* - Trichotillomania is a **hair-pulling disorder** that results in irregular patches of hair loss with hairs of varying lengths, often with stubble or broken hairs. - The patches can look bizarre and are usually characterized by hair breakage, not a well-defined raised lesion as seen here. *Tinea capitis* - Tinea capitis is a **fungal infection of the scalp** characterized by scaling, erythema, pruritus, and often broken hairs (black dots). It can also cause pustules and kerions (inflammatory boggy masses). - While it causes hair loss, the primary lesion is usually inflammatory and scaly, rather than a single, raised, non-inflammatory mass. [Practice more Dermatology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: A child presents with a rash in the neck folds as shown in the image. The area appears erythematous with satellite lesions and maceration. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Intertrigo. ***Intertrigo*** - The image shows a reddened, inflamed rash in skin folds (neck creases), which is characteristic of **intertrigo**. This condition results from skin-on-skin friction, moisture, and warmth. - The rash appears to have satellite lesions and a somewhat macerated appearance, which would be consistent with secondary fungal (e.g., Candida) or bacterial infection, common complications of intertrigo. *Heat rash* - **Heat rash (miliaria)** typically presents as small, itchy red bumps or clear blisters, often found in areas prone to sweating. - While it can occur in skin folds, the diffuse, raw-looking erythema and presence of potential satellite lesions shown in the image are less typical for simple heat rash. *Eczema* - **Eczema (atopic dermatitis)** is characterized by dry, itchy, inflamed skin, often with scaling, crusting, or lichenification during chronic stages. - While eczema can affect skin folds, the appearance in the image (intense redness, maceration, potential satellite lesions) is more suggestive of an irritant or infectious process like intertrigo rather than typical eczema. *Impetigo* - **Impetigo** is a bacterial skin infection characterized by honey-colored crusts, vesicles, or bullae, typically appearing anywhere on the body, especially around the nose and mouth. - The rash in the image lacks the characteristic honey-colored crusts or vesiculobullous lesions associated with impetigo. [Practice more Dermatology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: A patient presents with painful vesicular eruptions on one side of the body. What is the most likely diagnosis based on the clinical image?

Herpes zoster. ***Herpes zoster*** - The image displays characteristic **vesicular lesions** grouped together on an erythematous base, typically following a **dermatomal distribution**, which is classic for herpes zoster (shingles). - These lesions often cause significant pain and are due to the **reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus**. *Smallpox* - Smallpox lesions are typically **deep-seated, firm, round pustules** that are all in the same stage of development. - While smallpox also features vesicular lesions, their appearance and distribution are distinct from the clustered, dermatomal pattern seen in the image. *Chickenpox* - Chickenpox presents as a generalized rash with lesions at **various stages of development** (macules, papules, vesicles, scabs), often described as a "dewdrop on a rose petal." - Unlike the localized, dermatomal pattern of herpes zoster, chickenpox lesions are typically **widespread** over the body. *Atopic dermatitis* - Atopic dermatitis typically manifests as **erythematous, scaly, intensely itchy patches or plaques**, often in areas like the flexural creases. - It does not present with the characteristic **vesicular, grouped lesions in a dermatomal pattern** seen in the image. [Practice more Dermatology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: What condition is likely to be present in the child shown in the image, whose mother has asthma?

Atopic dermatitis. ***Atopic dermatitis*** - The image shows an infant with **red, scaly, and irritated skin**, particularly on the cheeks and around the mouth, consistent with the characteristic presentation of **atopic dermatitis (eczema)** in infants. - Atopic dermatitis often occurs in individuals with a family history of **atopy**, which includes conditions like **asthma**, allergic rhinitis, and food allergies; a mother with asthma significantly increases the child's risk. *SLE* - **Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)** is a **chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease** that rarely presents in infancy with such prominent skin findings, especially without other systemic symptoms. - Skin manifestations of SLE typically include a **malar (butterfly) rash** or **discoid lesions**, which are different from the diffuse eczematous rash seen here. *Erythema* - **Erythema** simply refers to **redness of the skin** caused by inflammation or dilation of blood capillaries. - While the infant's skin is erythematous, erythema is a **symptom**, not a specific diagnosis, and does not fully describe the scaly, papular nature of the rash or the underlying condition. *TEN* - **Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)** is a **severe, life-threatening skin condition** characterized by widespread epidermal detachment, forming large blisters and skin sloughing, often triggered by medications. - The skin lesions in the image do not show the extensive blistering and denudation characteristic of TEN, and a history of an asthmatic mother is not a risk factor for TEN. [Practice more Dermatology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Which of the following nail findings is seen in the condition shown below?

Pitting. ***Pitting*** - The image displays multiple small, **punctate depressions** on the nail plate, which are characteristic features of nail pitting. - Nail pitting is a common finding in conditions affecting the **nail matrix**, such as psoriasis. *Pterygium* - **Pterygium** refers to the forward growth of the proximal nail fold onto the nail plate, or the lateral nail folds onto the nail plate, often leading to nail loss. - This is not observed in the image, which primarily shows depressions rather than overgrowth of skin onto the nail. *Pigmentation* - **Nail pigmentation** involves discoloration of the nail plate, appearing as streaks, spots, or diffuse changes in color (e.g., brown, black, blue). - The nail in the image does not show abnormal discoloration but rather surface irregularities. *Ridges* - **Ridges** in nails (longitudinal or transverse) are linear elevations or grooves on the nail surface. - While some linear texture is present, the predominant feature in the image is distinct, small, and scattered depressions, which are consistent with pitting rather than continuous ridges. [Practice more Dermatology PYQs on OnCourse]

Question 1

Identify the condition shown in the image.

Accepted Answer

Sebaceous cyst

Answer

Trichotillomania

Answer

Tinea capitis

Answer

Alopecia areata

Question 2

A child presents with a rash in the neck folds as shown in the image. The area appears erythematous with satellite lesions and maceration. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Intertrigo

Answer

Heat rash

Answer

Eczema

Answer

Impetigo

Question 3

A patient presents with painful vesicular eruptions on one side of the body. What is the most likely diagnosis based on the clinical image?

Accepted Answer

Herpes zoster

Answer

Smallpox

Answer

Chickenpox

Answer

Atopic dermatitis

Question 4

What condition is likely to be present in the child shown in the image, whose mother has asthma?

Accepted Answer

Atopic dermatitis

Answer

SLE

Answer

Erythema

Answer

TEN

Question 5

Which of the following nail findings is seen in the condition shown below?

Accepted Answer

Pitting

Answer

Pterygium

Answer

Pigmentation

Answer

Ridges

Question 6

Identify the condition in the image

Accepted Answer

Vitiligo

Answer

Leukoderma

Answer

Piebaldism

Answer

DLE

Question 7

Patient presents with pruritus of the interdigital spaces of the left hand as shown in the image. Identify the condition.

Accepted Answer

Sarcoptes scabiei

Answer

Dermatitis herpetiformis

Answer

Xerotic dermatitis

Answer

Erythema multiforme

Question 8

A 26-year-old female patient presented with oral ulcers, sensitivity to light and rash over the malar area of the face sparing the nasolabial folds of both sides. Which of the following is most characteristic of this condition?

Accepted Answer

Butterfly rash sparing the nasolabial folds

Answer

Heliotrope rash on upper eyelid, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy

Answer

Port-wine stain with CNS malformations

Answer

Silvery scales or plaques

Question 9

All of the following are not true with respect to erythema multiforme except?

Accepted Answer

Targetoid lesions are seen

Answer

Most commonly due to leukemia

Answer

Steroids are the drug of choice

Answer

Koebner's phenomenon is seen

Question 10

The following lesion was noticed in a patient with history of involuntary weight loss. What is the diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Leser-Trelat sign

Answer

Acanthosis nigricans

Answer

Actinic keratosis

Answer

Intertriginous candida

NEET-PG 2019 — Dermatology