NEET-PG 2013 - Obstetrics and Gynecology PYQs Practice Questions

Q: Uterine rupture is least common with which of the following surgical techniques?

LSCS. ***LSCS*** - A **low transverse uterine incision** (LSCS) is associated with the **lowest risk of uterine rupture** in subsequent pregnancies due to the lower uterine segment's thinner muscle and better healing properties. - The scar from an LSCS is less likely to undergo dehiscence during labor compared to incisions in the thicker, more contractile upper uterine segment. *Classical section* - A **classical uterine incision** (vertical incision in the upper uterine segment) carries the **highest risk of uterine rupture** in subsequent pregnancies. - This is because the upper uterine segment is thicker and more contractile, leading to a weaker scar that is more prone to tearing during labor. *T Shaped incision* - A **T-shaped incision** involves a transverse cut with a vertical extension, carrying a **high risk of uterine rupture**. - The combination of perpendicular incisions compromises the uterine wall's integrity more severely than a simple transverse cut. *Inverted T shaped incision* - An **inverted T-shaped incision** is a complex uterine incision that extends vertically into the fundus from a transverse cut, making it structurally weaker. - This type of incision significantly **increases the risk of uterine rupture** in future pregnancies due to the extensive scarring across multiple planes of muscle fibers. [Practice more Obstetrics and Gynecology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: All of the following are postcoital contraception methods except?

Barrier methods. ***Barrier methods*** - **Barrier methods** like condoms or diaphragms are used *during* intercourse to prevent pregnancy and STIs. - They are not a form of **postcoital contraception** as they do not act *after* unprotected sex has occurred. *Mifepristone* - **Mifepristone** can be used as an **emergency contraceptive** by delaying or inhibiting ovulation, or by altering the endometrium to prevent implantation. - It works *after* unprotected intercourse and is an effective form of **postcoital contraception**. *IUD* - The **copper intrauterine device (IUD)** can be inserted as an **emergency contraceptive** up to 5 days after unprotected intercourse. - It prevents pregnancy primarily by creating a **spermicidal inflammatory reaction** in the uterus, making it unsuitable for implantation. *Levonorgestrel* - **Levonorgestrel-only pills** are a common form of **emergency contraception**, sometimes known as the "morning-after" pill. - They work by **delaying or inhibiting ovulation** and are effective when taken *within 72 hours* of unprotected sex. [Practice more Obstetrics and Gynecology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Which type of pelvis is most suitable for childbirth in females?

Gynaecoid. ***Gynaecoid*** - The **gynaecoid pelvis** is considered the classic female pelvis, with an **adequate, rounded inlet** and spacious dimensions that are optimal for vaginal delivery. - It has a wide and deep sacral curve, a wide subpubic angle, and parallel side walls, all facilitating the passage of the fetal head. *Android* - The **android pelvis** is typically male-like, characterized by a **heart-shaped or wedge-shaped inlet** and a narrow subpubic angle. - This shape makes it more difficult for the fetal head to engage and descend, often leading to prolonged labor or necessitating a cesarean section. *Anthropoid* - The **anthropoid pelvis** has an **oval-shaped inlet** that is wider in the anterior-posterior diameter and narrower in the transverse diameter. - While possible for delivery, the narrow transverse diameter can sometimes lead to difficulty with engagement or require a persistent occiput posterior presentation. *Platypelloid* - The **platypelloid pelvis** is characterized by a **flat, transverse oval inlet** and a short anterior-posterior diameter. - This shape is the least common and presents significant challenges for vaginal delivery, as the fetal head may not be able to engage due to the narrow anterior-posterior diameter. [Practice more Obstetrics and Gynecology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is best treated by:

Progestogen. ***Progestogen*** - **Progestogen** therapy helps stabilize the **endometrium**, reducing excessive or irregular bleeding in DUB by counteracting unopposed estrogen. - It induces a more organized shedding of the uterine lining, which can regularize the menstrual cycle. *Curettage of uterus* - While **curettage** can provide temporary relief by removing the endometrial lining, it is primarily a diagnostic procedure to rule out pathology rather than a primary long-term treatment for DUB. - It does not address the underlying hormonal imbalance that causes DUB, leading to a high recurrence rate of symptoms. *Estrogen* - **Estrogen** therapy alone is generally not used to treat DUB because unopposed estrogen is often the cause of DUB, leading to **endometrial overgrowth** and irregular shedding. - Administering estrogen without a progestin could exacerbate the condition and increase endometrial proliferation. *Clomiphene* - **Clomiphene** is an anti-estrogen medication primarily used to induce **ovulation** in women with infertility. - It is not indicated for the management of dysfunctional uterine bleeding or for regulating menstrual cycles directly. [Practice more Obstetrics and Gynecology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: What is the best method to assess endometrial activity?

Endometrial biopsy. ***Biopsy*** - **Endometrial biopsy** provides direct tissue samples, allowing for histological examination of the endometrial glands and stroma to assess their phase (proliferative, secretory) and underlying pathology. - This method is considered the **gold standard** for accurately determining endometrial activity and diagnosing conditions like hyperplasia or carcinoma. *HSG* - **Hysterosalpingography (HSG)** is primarily used to evaluate the patency of the fallopian tubes and the shape of the uterine cavity, not the functional activity of the endometrium itself. - It involves injecting contrast dye and taking X-rays, which helps identify structural abnormalities but does not provide microscopic details of endometrial tissue. *USG* - **Transvaginal ultrasonography (USG)** measures endometrial thickness and identifies gross structural abnormalities like polyps or fibroids. - While it can suggest the endometrial phase based on thickness, it does not offer the definitive cellular-level detail of endometrial activity that a biopsy provides. *Colposcopy* - **Colposcopy** is a procedure used to visualize the cervix and vagina with a magnified view, primarily for detecting and evaluating abnormal cells that may lead to cervical cancer. - It is **not used** for assessing the endometrial lining or its physiological activity. [Practice more Obstetrics and Gynecology PYQs on OnCourse]

Question 1

Uterine rupture is least common with which of the following surgical techniques?

Accepted Answer

LSCS

Answer

Classical section

Answer

T Shaped incision

Answer

Inverted T shaped incision

Question 2

All of the following are postcoital contraception methods except?

Accepted Answer

Barrier methods

Answer

IUD

Answer

Levonorgestrel

Answer

Mifepristone

Question 3

Which type of pelvis is most suitable for childbirth in females?

Accepted Answer

Gynaecoid

Answer

Android

Answer

Anthropoid

Answer

Platypelloid

Question 4

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is best treated by:

Accepted Answer

Progestogen

Answer

Curettage of uterus

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Clomiphene

Question 5

What is the best method to assess endometrial activity?

Accepted Answer

Endometrial biopsy

Answer

HSG

Answer

USG

Answer

Colposcopy

Question 6

Human sperm remains fertile for how many hours in a female genital tract ?

Accepted Answer

Up to 5 days (120 hrs)

Answer

6-8 hrs

Answer

12-24 hrs

Answer

24-48 hrs

Question 7

What is a cochleate uterus?

Accepted Answer

Acute anteflexion

Answer

Large uterus

Answer

Acute retroflexion

Answer

Large cervix

Question 8

Ovulation occurs how long after the LH surge peak?

Accepted Answer

12-24 hours

Answer

48-72 hours

Answer

72-96 hours

Answer

24-48 hours

Question 9

Which among the following is an absolute contraindication of Hormone replacement therapy?

Accepted Answer

Breast carcinoma

Answer

Endometriosis

Answer

Heart disease

Answer

Osteoarthritis

Question 10

Which vaccine is contraindicated in pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Measles vaccine

Answer

Cholera vaccine

Answer

Typhoid vaccine

Answer

Meningococcal vaccine

NEET-PG 2013 — Obstetrics and Gynecology