NEET-PG 2012 - Anatomy Practice Questions

Q: A person inhaled a peanut two days ago and is now unable to cough it out. Where is the possible location?

Right lower lobe. ***Right lower lobe*** - Due to the **angle** of the right main bronchus, which is less acute than the left, aspirated foreign bodies, like a peanut, tend to preferentially enter the **right bronchial tree**. - Within the right lung, foreign bodies are most commonly found in the **right lower lobe** because its **bronchus is the most direct continuation** of the right main bronchus, especially in an upright position. *Right superior lobe* - While material can go into the right lung, the **right upper lobe bronchus** branches off at a more acute angle, making aspiration into this lobe less common than into the lower lobes when a person is in an upright or semi-recumbent position. - Aspiration into the superior lobes is more common with specific body positions or in cases of massive aspiration. *Right middle lobe* - The **right middle lobe bronchus** is smaller and branches off at an angle that is less favorable for direct aspiration compared to the right lower lobe. - Aspiration to this lobe is less frequent than to the lower lobes. *Left lower lobe* - The **left main bronchus** is narrower and branches off at a much more acute angle from the trachea compared to the right main bronchus. - This anatomical difference makes aspiration into the left lung, including the **left lower lobe**, significantly less common than into the right lung.

Q: Which of the following statements about the popliteus muscle is false?

Causes locking of knee. ***Causes locking of knee*** - The popliteus muscle acts as the key to **unlocking the knee** from its fully extended, locked position, not causing it to lock. [1] - It achieves this by producing **internal rotation of the tibia** on the femur (or external rotation of the femur on the tibia) at the beginning of knee flexion. *Flexor of knee* - The popliteus muscle contributes to **flexion of the knee joint**, working in conjunction with the hamstrings. - This action is particularly important during the initial phases of knee flexion. *Intracapsular origin* - The popliteus muscle originates from the **lateral condyle of the femur**, specifically from an impression just anterior and inferior to the groove for the popliteal tendon. - This origin point is indeed **intracapsular**, lying within the fibrous capsule of the knee joint. *Supplied by tibial nerve* - The popliteus muscle receives its innervation from the **tibial nerve**, a branch of the sciatic nerve. - The nerve typically arises from the posterior aspect of the tibial nerve trunk as it passes through the popliteal fossa.

Q: The tensor veli palatini muscle is innervated by which nerve?

Mandibular nerve. ***Mandibular nerve*** - The **tensor veli palatini** muscle plays a crucial role in tensing the **soft palate** and opening the **Eustachian tube**. - Its innervation is by a branch of the **mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V3)**, specifically the nerve to the medial pterygoid. *Facial nerve* - The **facial nerve (cranial nerve VII)** primarily innervates the muscles of **facial expression**, not the muscles of the soft palate. - It also supplies the **lacrimal, submandibular, and sublingual glands** and carries **taste sensation** from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. *Vagus nerve* - The **vagus nerve (cranial nerve X)** innervates most muscles of the **pharynx and larynx**, and some muscles of the soft palate such as the **levator veli palatini**, **palatopharyngeus**, and **palatoglossus**. - It does not, however, innervate the **tensor veli palatini**. *Glossopharyngeal nerve* - The **glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX)** innervates the **stylopharyngeus muscle** and provides sensation to the posterior one-third of the tongue. - While it has functions related to the pharynx, it does not directly innervate the **tensor veli palatini**.

Q: In a 3 month fetus, characteristic feature seen is:

Nails are visible. ***Nails are visible*** - By the end of the **third month** (approximately 12 weeks), the fingers and toes are fully formed, and the beginnings of fingernails and toenails usually become visible. - This marks a significant developmental milestone in fetal maturation during the first trimester. *Meconium is present in the intestines* - **Meconium** begins to form during the **second trimester**, typically around weeks 12-16, with significant accumulation in the latter part of the second and throughout the third trimester. - While some gut movements occur earlier, the presence of well-formed meconium for defecation happens later in fetal development. *Anus formation begins* - The formation of the anus is part of the development of the **cloaca**, which begins much earlier, around the **4th to 7th gestational weeks**. - By 3 months, the anorectal canal is already well-differentiated, so its formation has already been completed. *Limb buds are present* - **Limb buds** appear very early in embryonic development, around the **end of the 4th week**. [1] - By 3 months, the limbs are already well-developed with distinct fingers and toes, so these structures would have passed the "bud" stage.

Question 1

A person inhaled a peanut two days ago and is now unable to cough it out. Where is the possible location?

Accepted Answer

Right lower lobe

Answer

Right superior lobe

Answer

Left lower lobe

Answer

Right middle lobe

Question 2

Which of the following statements about the popliteus muscle is false?

Accepted Answer

Causes locking of knee

Answer

Intracapsular origin

Answer

Supplied by tibial nerve

Answer

Flexor of knee

Question 3

The tensor veli palatini muscle is innervated by which nerve?

Accepted Answer

Mandibular nerve

Answer

Facial nerve

Answer

Vagus nerve

Answer

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 4

In a 3 month fetus, characteristic feature seen is:

Accepted Answer

Nails are visible

Answer

Meconium is present in the intestines.

Answer

Anus formation begins.

Answer

Limb buds are present.

NEET-PG 2012 — Anatomy