FMGE 2019 - Forensic Medicine PYQs Practice Questions

Q: What type of poisoning is associated with the retention of lead bullets in the body?

Lead. ***Lead*** - **Lead bullets** are primarily composed of lead, and if retained in the body, lead can leach into the bloodstream causing **lead poisoning**. - This is a well-documented risk, especially when bullets are lodged in areas rich in bodily fluids or bone. *Phosphorus* - Phosphorus poisoning is typically associated with exposure to compounds like **white phosphorus**, often found in fireworks or industrial chemicals, not lead bullets. - Symptoms include severe gastrointestinal distress, multiorgan failure, and a characteristic **garlic-like odor**. *Nitro cellulose* - **Nitrocellulose** is a component of gun propellants (gunpowder), not the bullet itself. - Exposure would primarily be from inhalation of fumes during firing or accidental ingestion of powder, not retention of the bullet. *Iron* - **Iron poisoning** usually results from acute overdose of iron supplements, particularly in children. - While bullets contain trace amounts of iron, the primary toxic component of a retained bullet is **lead**, not iron. [Practice more Forensic Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: McNaughton's rule is related to:

IPC 84. ***IPC 84*** - **McNaughton's rule** (also spelled M'Naghten rule) is a legal test for criminal insanity, stating that a defendant is not guilty if they were unaware of the nature of their actions or that their actions were wrong due to a "disease of the mind." - In India, **IPC 84** (Indian Penal Code Section 84) embodies the principles of McNaughton's rule, providing a defense for persons of unsound mind. *IPC 82* - **IPC 82** deals with the age of criminal responsibility, specifically stating that nothing done by a child under seven years of age is an offense. - This section is focused on the **infancy defense**, not mental illness or insanity. *IPC 87* - **IPC 87** pertains to acts not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent. - It relates to the defense of **consent**, often in situations involving minor injuries in sports or medical procedures. *IPC 85* - **IPC 85** provides a defense for acts committed by a person who is incapable of knowing the nature of the act, or that it is wrong or contrary to law, due to **intoxication** caused without their knowledge or against their will. - This section specifically addresses involuntary intoxication, not a general "disease of the mind" as covered by McNaughton's rule. [Practice more Forensic Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Presence of cut injuries in the scrotum is suggestive of?

Homicidal wounds. ***Homicidal wounds*** - Injuries to the **scrotum** are highly unusual in accidental or suicidal contexts due to the protective nature and sensitivity of the area. - The presence of **cut injuries** in such a vulnerable and normally protected area often indicates an intentional act of aggression. *Accidental wounds* - Accidental scrotal injuries are typically due to **blunt trauma** or avulsion, rather than sharp, incised cuts. - They usually occur in situations like sports or industrial accidents, which are not described by "cut injuries." *Suicidal wounds* - Suicidal wounds are typically inflicted in areas like the **wrists**, neck, or chest, aiming for vital structures. - The scrotum is not a common site for self-inflicted injuries, as cutting this area is unlikely to be immediately lethal and is extremely painful. *None of the options* - This option is incorrect because the specific location and type of injury (cut injuries to the scrotum) points strongly towards a specific category of wound. - The other options are considered less likely given the highly sensitive and non-lethal nature of the scrotum for self-harm. [Practice more Forensic Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: A patient was found to have pink coloured skin and mucosa, bitter almond smell from breath and frothy discharge. Cause of death in this patient;

Cyanide poisoning. ***Cyanide poisoning*** - **Pink/cherry-red skin and mucosa** occur because cyanide **inhibits cytochrome oxidase** in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, preventing cellular oxygen utilization. This results in **high venous oxyhemoglobin levels** as oxygen remains in the blood but cannot be used by tissues. - The characteristic **bitter almond smell** is pathognomonic for cyanide, though only detectable by 40-60% of the population due to genetic variations in odor perception. - **Frothy discharge** indicates pulmonary edema, common in acute cyanide toxicity. *H2S poisoning* - **Hydrogen sulfide** poisoning typically presents with a characteristic **rotten egg smell**, not bitter almonds. - It causes cellular hypoxia by **inhibiting cytochrome oxidase**, similar to cyanide, but the clinical presentation, odor, and skin coloration (may be greenish) differ. *Datura poisoning* - **Datura poisoning** is characterized by an **anticholinergic toxidrome**: hot, dry, red skin (flushed from vasodilation, not hypoxia), dilated pupils, delirium, and urinary retention. - It does not cause a bitter almond smell or the characteristic pink coloration seen in cyanide poisoning. *CO poisoning* - **Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning** is associated with a **cherry-red skin color** due to **carboxyhemoglobin** formation, where CO binds hemoglobin with 200-250x greater affinity than oxygen. - While it also causes cellular hypoxia, there is **no bitter almond smell**, and the mechanism differs (oxygen cannot bind vs. oxygen cannot be utilized). [Practice more Forensic Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Question 1

What type of poisoning is associated with the retention of lead bullets in the body?

Accepted Answer

Lead

Answer

Phosphorus

Answer

Nitro cellulose

Answer

Iron

Question 2

McNaughton's rule is related to:

Accepted Answer

IPC 84

Answer

IPC 82

Answer

IPC 87

Answer

IPC 85

Question 3

Presence of cut injuries in the scrotum is suggestive of?

Accepted Answer

Homicidal wounds

Answer

Accidental wounds

Answer

Suicidal wounds

Answer

None of the options

Question 4

Which of the following can be considered as grounds of divorce under matrimonial law?

Accepted Answer

Impotence developing after the marriage

Answer

Sterility

Answer

Frigidity

Answer

Temporary Mental illness

Question 5

A patient was found to have pink coloured skin and mucosa, bitter almond smell from breath and frothy discharge. Cause of death in this patient;

Accepted Answer

Cyanide poisoning

Answer

H2S poisoning

Answer

Datura poisoning

Answer

CO poisoning

Question 6

In autopsy, which organ is removed with liver?

Accepted Answer

Spleen

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Kidney

Answer

Brain

Question 7

Posthumous birth is;

Accepted Answer

Child born after death of father

Answer

After death of both parents

Answer

Child born after death of mother

Answer

After death of mother during delivery

Question 8

The characteristic feature of an entry wound is:

Accepted Answer

Inversion

Answer

Depression

Answer

Pond's fracture

Answer

Eversion

FMGE 2019 — Forensic Medicine