NEET-PG 2013 - Surgery PYQs Practice Questions

Q: Test to differentiate between psychological and organic erectile dysfunction is:

Nocturnal penile tumescence. ***Nocturnal penile tumescence*** - **Nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT)** testing measures the occurrence and quality of **erections during sleep**. - Healthy men experience erections during REM sleep; their presence suggests a **psychological cause** for erectile dysfunction as the neural pathways for erection are intact. *Pharmacologically induced penile erection therapy* - This involves injecting **vasodilating agents** directly into the penis to induce an erection. - While it can confirm the capacity for erection, it does not differentiate between psychological and organic causes since both types of ED can respond to direct pharmacological intervention. *Sildenafil induced erection* - Sildenafil (Viagra) is a **PDE5 inhibitor** that works by enhancing the effects of nitric oxide during sexual stimulation. - An erection induced by sildenafil can occur in both psychological and organic ED as long as there is some capacity for vasodilation, thus it does not differentiate the underlying cause. *Squeeze technique* - The **squeeze technique** is a behavioral therapy used to treat **premature ejaculation**, not erectile dysfunction. - It involves stopping stimulation at the point of impending ejaculation and applying pressure to the penis to reduce arousal. [Practice more Surgery PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Which condition typically presents with irregular, hard palpable masses in the breast?

Invasive ductal carcinoma. ***Paget's disease*** - Paget's disease of the breast leads to **palpable abnormalities** such as skin changes and underlying mass formation [1]. - Often presents with **nipple discharge** and alterations in the areola, indicating an underlying malignancy [2]. *Non comedo DCIS* - Non comedo ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) typically presents with **microscopic changes** and lacks palpable masses. - Frequently asymptomatic and may not cause any **significant clinical findings** or changes in the breast. *None* - This option suggests the absence of a related condition, which does not address the query about a type of DCIS causing a **palpable abnormality**. - In the context of DCIS, there are sure conditions (like Paget's) that **do cause palpable changes**. *Comedocarcinoma* - This type of DCIS is characterized by **necrosis and calcifications**, rather than a palpable mass. - While potentially aggressive, it usually does not present with noticeable **palpable abnormalities** like Paget's disease. **References:** [1] Kumar V, Abbas AK, et al.. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. The Breast, pp. 1061-1062. [2] Cross SS. Underwood's Pathology: A Clinical Approach. 6th ed. Common Clinical Problems From Liver And Biliary System Disease, pp. 456-457. [Practice more Surgery PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: What is the term used for choking of the respiratory passage by a bolus of food?

Cafe Coronary. ***Cafe Coronary*** - This term describes sudden death caused by **obstruction of the airway by food**, often mistaken for a heart attack due to the sudden collapse. - It specifically refers to choking on food that leads to **asphyxiation**, frequently occurring in public eating places. *Gagging* - **Gagging** is a protective reflex that prevents objects from entering the throat or causing choking, but it doesn't describe the choking event itself. - It usually involves involuntary contractions of the pharynx and soft palate, often leading to **retching**. *Choking due to obstruction* - This is a general term for **airway obstruction** by anything, while "cafe coronary" specifically refers to food. - While accurate, it lacks the specific medical terminology used to describe food-induced fatal choking. *Suffocation due to food* - **Suffocation** is a broader term for oxygen deprivation, which can be caused by various means, not exclusively food. - While food can lead to suffocation, the term **"cafe coronary"** is more precise for the scenario of sudden death from food lodged in the respiratory passage. [Practice more Surgery PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: In blast injury, which organ is most likely to be damaged first?

Tympanic membrane. ***Tympanic membrane*** - The **tympanic membrane** is the most sensitive organ to the pressure waves generated by a blast, often rupturing even with relatively low blast overpressures. - Its thin, delicate structure and direct exposure to external air pressure make it highly vulnerable to barotrauma. *Gastrointestinal tract* - While the **gastrointestinal tract** can be damaged by blast waves, especially air-filled organs, this typically occurs after the tympanic membrane is affected. - Damage often includes hemorrhage, perforation, and mesenteric injury. *Liver* - The **liver** is a solid organ and is less susceptible to initial blast injury compared to air-filled structures. - Damage to the liver usually results from secondary mechanisms like blunt trauma from displacement or impact against other structures. *Lung* - **Blast lung** is a serious injury characterized by pulmonary contusions, hemorrhage, and edema, but it generally requires higher blast overpressure than tympanic membrane rupture. - The air-filled nature of the lungs makes them susceptible, but the tympanic membrane almost always fails first. [Practice more Surgery PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: In the context of triage, what color would be assigned to a moribund patient?

Black. ***Black*** - A **black tag** is assigned to patients who are **deceased** or have injuries so severe that survival is unlikely, and resources would be better used on patients with a higher chance of survival. - A **moribund patient** is in a dying state or near death, fitting the criteria for a black tag in triage. *Red* - **Red tags** are for patients with **immediate life-threatening injuries** who have a high probability of survival with prompt intervention. - These patients require immediate medical attention to stabilize fundamental physiological functions. *Yellow* - **Yellow tags** are assigned to patients with **serious injuries** that are not immediately life-threatening. - They require medical attention within a few hours, but their condition is stable enough to wait after red-tagged patients. *Green* - **Green tags** are for patients with **minor injuries** that are non-life-threatening and can wait for medical attention. - These individuals are often referred to as "walking wounded" and can typically care for themselves or assist others. [Practice more Surgery PYQs on OnCourse]

Question 1

Test to differentiate between psychological and organic erectile dysfunction is:

Accepted Answer

Nocturnal penile tumescence

Answer

Pharmacologically induced penile erection therapy

Answer

Sildenafil induced erection

Answer

Squeeze technique

Question 2

Which condition typically presents with irregular, hard palpable masses in the breast?

Accepted Answer

Invasive ductal carcinoma

Answer

Non comedo DCIS

Answer

Fibroadenoma

Answer

Comedocarcinoma

Question 3

What is the term used for choking of the respiratory passage by a bolus of food?

Accepted Answer

Cafe Coronary

Answer

Gagging

Answer

Choking due to obstruction

Answer

Suffocation due to food

Question 4

In blast injury, which organ is most likely to be damaged first?

Accepted Answer

Tympanic membrane

Answer

Liver

Answer

Lung

Answer

Gastrointestinal tract

Question 5

In the context of triage, what color would be assigned to a moribund patient?

Accepted Answer

Black

Answer

Red

Answer

Yellow

Answer

Green

Question 6

What does the acronym NSABP represent in the context of cancer research?

Accepted Answer

National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project

Answer

National surgical adjuvant for brain and breast

Answer

National surgical adjuvant for bowel and brain

Answer

National surgical adjuvant for breast project

Question 7

Which levels of cervical lymph nodes are included in a modified radical neck dissection?

Accepted Answer

I-V

Answer

I-IV

Answer

I-III

Answer

II-VI

Question 8

Which color indicates the highest priority in triage?

Accepted Answer

Red

Answer

Yellow

Answer

Green

Answer

Black

Question 9

Most common organ involved in air blast injury is?

Accepted Answer

Ear drum

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Eye

Answer

Lung

Question 10

A 40-year-old male with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is found to have Barrett's esophagus with low-grade dysplasia on endoscopy. What is the most appropriate initial pharmacological treatment for this condition?

Accepted Answer

PPI

Answer

Fundoplication

Answer

Esophageal resection

Answer

Diet modification

NEET-PG 2013 — Surgery