NEET-PG 2013 - Obstetrics and Gynecology PYQs Practice Questions

Q: Uterine rupture is least common with which of the following surgical techniques?

LSCS. ***LSCS*** - A **low transverse uterine incision** (LSCS) is associated with the **lowest risk of uterine rupture** in subsequent pregnancies due to the lower uterine segment's thinner muscle and better healing properties. - The scar from an LSCS is less likely to undergo dehiscence during labor compared to incisions in the thicker, more contractile upper uterine segment. *Classical section* - A **classical uterine incision** (vertical incision in the upper uterine segment) carries the **highest risk of uterine rupture** in subsequent pregnancies. - This is because the upper uterine segment is thicker and more contractile, leading to a weaker scar that is more prone to tearing during labor. *T Shaped incision* - A **T-shaped incision** involves a transverse cut with a vertical extension, carrying a **high risk of uterine rupture**. - The combination of perpendicular incisions compromises the uterine wall's integrity more severely than a simple transverse cut. *Inverted T shaped incision* - An **inverted T-shaped incision** is a complex uterine incision that extends vertically into the fundus from a transverse cut, making it structurally weaker. - This type of incision significantly **increases the risk of uterine rupture** in future pregnancies due to the extensive scarring across multiple planes of muscle fibers. [Practice more Obstetrics and Gynecology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: All of the following are postcoital contraception methods except?

Barrier methods. ***Barrier methods*** - **Barrier methods** like condoms or diaphragms are used *during* intercourse to prevent pregnancy and STIs. - They are not a form of **postcoital contraception** as they do not act *after* unprotected sex has occurred. *Mifepristone* - **Mifepristone** can be used as an **emergency contraceptive** by delaying or inhibiting ovulation, or by altering the endometrium to prevent implantation. - It works *after* unprotected intercourse and is an effective form of **postcoital contraception**. *IUD* - The **copper intrauterine device (IUD)** can be inserted as an **emergency contraceptive** up to 5 days after unprotected intercourse. - It prevents pregnancy primarily by creating a **spermicidal inflammatory reaction** in the uterus, making it unsuitable for implantation. *Levonorgestrel* - **Levonorgestrel-only pills** are a common form of **emergency contraception**, sometimes known as the "morning-after" pill. - They work by **delaying or inhibiting ovulation** and are effective when taken *within 72 hours* of unprotected sex. [Practice more Obstetrics and Gynecology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Which type of pelvis is most suitable for childbirth in females?

Gynaecoid. ***Gynaecoid*** - The **gynaecoid pelvis** is considered the classic female pelvis, with an **adequate, rounded inlet** and spacious dimensions that are optimal for vaginal delivery. - It has a wide and deep sacral curve, a wide subpubic angle, and parallel side walls, all facilitating the passage of the fetal head. *Android* - The **android pelvis** is typically male-like, characterized by a **heart-shaped or wedge-shaped inlet** and a narrow subpubic angle. - This shape makes it more difficult for the fetal head to engage and descend, often leading to prolonged labor or necessitating a cesarean section. *Anthropoid* - The **anthropoid pelvis** has an **oval-shaped inlet** that is wider in the anterior-posterior diameter and narrower in the transverse diameter. - While possible for delivery, the narrow transverse diameter can sometimes lead to difficulty with engagement or require a persistent occiput posterior presentation. *Platypelloid* - The **platypelloid pelvis** is characterized by a **flat, transverse oval inlet** and a short anterior-posterior diameter. - This shape is the least common and presents significant challenges for vaginal delivery, as the fetal head may not be able to engage due to the narrow anterior-posterior diameter. [Practice more Obstetrics and Gynecology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is best treated by:

Progestogen. ***Progestogen*** - **Progestogen** therapy helps stabilize the **endometrium**, reducing excessive or irregular bleeding in DUB by counteracting unopposed estrogen. - It induces a more organized shedding of the uterine lining, which can regularize the menstrual cycle. *Curettage of uterus* - While **curettage** can provide temporary relief by removing the endometrial lining, it is primarily a diagnostic procedure to rule out pathology rather than a primary long-term treatment for DUB. - It does not address the underlying hormonal imbalance that causes DUB, leading to a high recurrence rate of symptoms. *Estrogen* - **Estrogen** therapy alone is generally not used to treat DUB because unopposed estrogen is often the cause of DUB, leading to **endometrial overgrowth** and irregular shedding. - Administering estrogen without a progestin could exacerbate the condition and increase endometrial proliferation. *Clomiphene* - **Clomiphene** is an anti-estrogen medication primarily used to induce **ovulation** in women with infertility. - It is not indicated for the management of dysfunctional uterine bleeding or for regulating menstrual cycles directly. [Practice more Obstetrics and Gynecology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: What is the best method to assess endometrial activity?

Endometrial biopsy. ***Biopsy*** - **Endometrial biopsy** provides direct tissue samples, allowing for histological examination of the endometrial glands and stroma to assess their phase (proliferative, secretory) and underlying pathology. - This method is considered the **gold standard** for accurately determining endometrial activity and diagnosing conditions like hyperplasia or carcinoma. *HSG* - **Hysterosalpingography (HSG)** is primarily used to evaluate the patency of the fallopian tubes and the shape of the uterine cavity, not the functional activity of the endometrium itself. - It involves injecting contrast dye and taking X-rays, which helps identify structural abnormalities but does not provide microscopic details of endometrial tissue. *USG* - **Transvaginal ultrasonography (USG)** measures endometrial thickness and identifies gross structural abnormalities like polyps or fibroids. - While it can suggest the endometrial phase based on thickness, it does not offer the definitive cellular-level detail of endometrial activity that a biopsy provides. *Colposcopy* - **Colposcopy** is a procedure used to visualize the cervix and vagina with a magnified view, primarily for detecting and evaluating abnormal cells that may lead to cervical cancer. - It is **not used** for assessing the endometrial lining or its physiological activity. [Practice more Obstetrics and Gynecology PYQs on OnCourse]

Question 1

Uterine rupture is least common with which of the following surgical techniques?

Accepted Answer

LSCS

Answer

Classical section

Answer

T Shaped incision

Answer

Inverted T shaped incision

Question 2

All of the following are postcoital contraception methods except?

Accepted Answer

Barrier methods

Answer

IUD

Answer

Levonorgestrel

Answer

Mifepristone

Question 3

Which type of pelvis is most suitable for childbirth in females?

Accepted Answer

Gynaecoid

Answer

Android

Answer

Anthropoid

Answer

Platypelloid

Question 4

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is best treated by:

Accepted Answer

Progestogen

Answer

Curettage of uterus

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Clomiphene

Question 5

What is the best method to assess endometrial activity?

Accepted Answer

Endometrial biopsy

Answer

HSG

Answer

USG

Answer

Colposcopy

Question 6

What is a cochleate uterus?

Accepted Answer

Acute anteflexion

Answer

Large uterus

Answer

Acute retroflexion

Answer

Large cervix

Question 7

Human sperm remains fertile for how many hours in a female genital tract ?

Accepted Answer

Up to 5 days (120 hrs)

Answer

6-8 hrs

Answer

12-24 hrs

Answer

24-48 hrs

Question 8

Which among the following is an absolute contraindication of Hormone replacement therapy?

Accepted Answer

Breast carcinoma

Answer

Endometriosis

Answer

Heart disease

Answer

Osteoarthritis

Question 9

Copper T is ideally inserted at-

Accepted Answer

Just after menstruation

Answer

Just before menstruation

Answer

On the 26th day

Answer

On the 14th day

Question 10

Maximum maternal mortality during peripartum period occurs at -

Accepted Answer

Immediate post-partum

Answer

Last trimester

Answer

During labor

Answer

Delayed post-partum

NEET-PG 2013 — Obstetrics and Gynecology