Antibiotics — Flashcards

Flashcard 61: Which rifamycin is a major cytochrome P450 inducer? _____

Answer: Rifampin

Flashcard 62: Which Penicillinase-resistant penicillin is commonly used to treat Staph Aureus? _____

Answer: Nafcillin

Flashcard 63: Which two antibiotics are used to treat nosocomial MRSA infections? _____

Answer: Vancomycin; Linezolid

Flashcard 64: Probenecid is a(n) _____ drug and thus in susceptible patients can cause symptoms ranging from Fever to Urticaria to Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

Answer: Sulfa

Extra: Probenecid is a sulfonamide derivative. Hypersensitivity reactions to "sulfa drugs" typically present with: - Fever - Urticaria (hives) - Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) / Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) - Hemolytic anemia (in G6PD deficiency) - Acute interstitial nephritis - Photosensitivity

Flashcard 65: An effective treatment for Moraxella catarrhalis is _____ and clavulanic acid

Answer: amoxicillin

Flashcard 66: Which antibiotic can cause thrombophlebitis at the injection site? _____

Answer: Vancomycin

Flashcard 67: Carbapenems are associated with significant side effects, including GI distress, skin rash, and _____

Answer: seizures*

Flashcard 68: Which group of modified penicillins is associated with a **morbilliform rash** when administered in the setting of **infectious mononucleosis**?\n_____

Answer: Aminopenicillins (Amoxicillin, Ampicillin)

Extra: This characteristic morbilliform (measles-like) rash occurs in patients with infectious mononucleosis (EBV) treated with aminopenicillins. It is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction, not a true IgE-mediated allergy. It typically starts on the trunk and spreads distally.

Flashcard 69: Do bacterial ribosomal inhibitors affect the human ribosome (80S)? _____

Answer: No

Flashcard 70: _____ is a type of β-lactamase that cleaves cephalosporins

Answer: Cephalosporinase