Antibiotics — Flashcards

Flashcard 641: Which one of the following drugs is a cytochrome p450 inducer?_____

Answer: Rifampin

Flashcard 642: Disulfiram-like reaction is an adverse effect of what β-lactam antibiotics?

Answer: Cephalosporins

Flashcard 643: Which step of bacterial genetics do Rifamycins impact?

Answer: Transcription (Inhibit DNA-dependent RNA polymerase)

Flashcard 644: What is the treatment for Actinomyces infection?_____

Answer: Penicillin G

Flashcard 645: Which enzyme is inhibited by sulfamethoxazole (SMX)?_____

Answer: Dihydropteroate synthase (prokaryotic)

Flashcard 646: Which carbapenem is stable to dehydropeptidase I?_____

Answer: Meropenem

Flashcard 647: Which specific process of bacterial protein synthesis is inhibited by **Macrolides**?

Answer: Translocation (50S ribosomal subunit inhibition)

Extra: Macrolides (e.g., Azithromycin, Erythromycin) bind to the 23S rRNA of the 50S subunit, blocking the translocation step where the peptidyl-tRNA moves from the A-site to the P-site.

Flashcard 648: Quinupristin-dalfopristin bind to the _____ ribosomal subunit

Answer: 50S

Flashcard 649: What is the treatment of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?_____

Answer: Vancomycin

Flashcard 650: What treatment for hyperammonemia acts by decreasing colonic ammoniagenic bacteria? _____

Answer: Rifaximin