Antibiotics — Flashcards

Flashcard 651: Which specific process of bacterial protein synthesis is inhibited by **Macrolides**?

Answer: Translocation (50S ribosomal subunit inhibition)

Extra: Macrolides (e.g., Azithromycin, Erythromycin) bind to the 23S rRNA of the 50S subunit, blocking the translocation step where the peptidyl-tRNA moves from the A-site to the P-site.

Flashcard 652: Pyrazinamide is associated with hyper-_____

Answer: uricemia

Flashcard 653: What treatment for hyperammonemia acts by decreasing colonic ammoniagenic bacteria? _____

Answer: Rifaximin

Flashcard 654: Which enzyme is inhibited by sulfamethoxazole (SMX)?_____

Answer: Dihydropteroate synthase (prokaryotic)

Flashcard 655: What is the treatment for Actinomyces infection?_____

Answer: Penicillin G

Flashcard 656: Quinupristin-dalfopristin bind to the _____ ribosomal subunit

Answer: 50S

Flashcard 657: What is the treatment of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?_____

Answer: Vancomycin

Flashcard 658: What is the treatment of Leptospirosis?_____

Answer: Penicillin G

Flashcard 659: _____ macrolides must be given to treat trachoma (Chlamydia trachomatis serotype A, B, C)

Answer: Oral

Flashcard 660: _____ is a protein synthesis inhibiting antibiotic that can cause drug-induced lupus.

Answer: Minocycline