Neonatal infections — Flashcards

Flashcard 141: Acrocyanosis is _____ in newborns up to 2 days old

Answer: normal

Extra: Acrocyanosis refers to the blue discoloration of the hands and feet. It is a common, benign finding in the first 24-48 hours of life due to peripheral vasoconstriction. It is distinguished from central cyanosis (blue trunk/mucous membranes), which is always abnormal.

Flashcard 142: Rapid Diagnosis Newborn with macrocephaly, hydrocephalus, diffuse intracranial calcifications, chorioretinitis: _____

Answer: Toxoplasmosis

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 143: What is the likely diagnosis in a preterm newborn that presents with feeding intolerance, abdominal distention, bloody stools, and lethargy? _____

Answer: Necrotizing enterocolitis

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 144: Pathological jaundice seen in newborns < _____ hours old

Answer: 24

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 145: What is the difference in x-rays between transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) vs. respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)? _____

Answer: TTN → wet & hyperexpanded lungs RDS → granular & underexpanded lungs

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/newborn-management/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 146: What is the treatment for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)? _____

Answer: NPO (bowel rest) and IVF and TPN IV antibiotics (G-ve and anaerobes)

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/gi-bleed/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 147: Initial management of necrotizing enterocolitis includes supportive care and initiation of _____

Answer: broad-spectrum IV antibiotics

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 148: Treatment of TTN is _____ Treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome is _____

Answer: conservative (e.g. oxygen)

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki  Surfactant may also help 

Flashcard 149: A babygram of a premature infant shows diffuse granular ('ground-glass') opacities and air bronchograms. This finding is consistent with _____.

Answer: NRDS

Flashcard 150: What are the risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia? (4) _____

Answer: LGA SGA IDM IUGR

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/newborn-management/acquire?ref=anki