High-risk pregnancies US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master High-risk pregnancies with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
High-risk pregnancies Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 11: follicular cyst
Answer: distension of unruptured Graafian follicle
Extra: increased: estrogen endometrial hyperplasia
Flashcard 12: polycistic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
Answer: deranged LH production and steroid synthesis
Extra: amenorrhea, infertility, obesity, hirsutism, +/- insulin resistance increased: LH, testosterone, estrogen
decreased: FSH
enlarged, bilateral, cystic ovaries weight loss, OCPs or medroxyprogesterone, spironolactone, clomiphene, metformin increased risk of endometrial cancer
Flashcard 13: premature ovarian failure
Answer:
Extra: atresia of ovarian follicles signs of menopause after puberty but before 40 increased: LH, FSH
decreased: estrogen
Flashcard 14: endometrial carcinoma
Answer:
Extra: postmenopausal vaginal bleeding estrogen without progestin, obesity, DM, HTN, nulliparity, late menopause 55-65 years
Flashcard 15: endometrial hyperplasia
Answer: usually excess estrogen stimulation
Extra: postmenopausal vaginal bleeding anovulatory cycles, hormone replacement therapy, PCOS, granulosa cell tumor increased risk for endometrial carcinoma
Flashcard 16: adenomyosis
Answer: non-neoplastic endometrial tissue within myometrium
Extra: menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain uterus is enlarged hysterectomy
Flashcard 17: endometriosis
Answer: retrograde menstrual flow
Extra: cyclic menstrual bleeding from non-uterine site, severe menstrual-related pain, painful intercourse, infertility uterus is normal sized blood-filled "chocolate cysts" OCP, NSAIDs, leuprolide, danazol
Flashcard 18: oligohydramnios
Answer:
Extra: inability to excrete urine placental insufficiency, bilateral renal agenesis, posterior urethral valve Potter's sequence
Flashcard 19: polyhydramnios
Answer: inability to swallow amniotic fluid
Extra: esophageal or duodenal atresia, anencephaly >1.5 L amniotic fluid
Flashcard 20: ectopic pregnancy
Answer: zygote implants outside of uterus, usually fallopian tubes
Extra: sudden onset abdominal pain, amenorrhea decreased: hCG (compared to expected) ultrasound: visible mass endometrium has decidua basalis but no chorionic villi PID, hx infertility, ruptured appendix, prior tubal surgery (scar)
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