Lipid metabolism US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Lipid metabolism with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Lipid metabolism Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 11: Function of Apolipoprotein E?
Answer: Mediates chylomicron remnant and VLDL remnant (IDL) uptake by the liver.
Extra: Found on all lipoproteins except LDL (Chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, HDL). It binds to the LDL receptor and LRP (LDL receptor-related protein).
Flashcard 12: What is the primary function of Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-1)?
Answer: Activates LCAT (Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase)
Extra: Apolipoprotein A-I is found on HDL and chylomicrons. It is the major structural protein of HDL and is essential for cholesterol efflux from peripheral tissues.
Flashcard 13: Function of apolipoprotein C-II:
Answer: Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) cofactor
Extra: Apolipoprotein C-II (Apo C-II) is found on chylomicrons, VLDL, and HDL. It acts as an essential cofactor for lipoprotein lipase, enabling the hydrolysis of triglycerides in these particles. Deficiency leads to Type I hyperlipoproteinemia (familial chylomicronemia syndrome).
Flashcard 14: What is the function of apolipoprotein B-48?
Answer: Mediates chylomicron secretion
Extra: Formed by RNA editing in the small intestine (deamination of cytidine to uridine, creating a stop codon in the ApoB mRNA). It contains the N-terminal 48% of the ApoB-100 protein.
Flashcard 15: What is the primary function of Apolipoprotein B-100?
Answer: Binds LDL receptor
Extra: - Found on VLDL, IDL, and LDL.
- Synthesized in the liver.
- Mediates the uptake of LDL from circulation.
Flashcard 16: In general, what is the composition of lipoproteins?
Answer: cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, and apolipoproteins
Flashcard 17: Give the life cycle of a chylomicron.
Answer: created by intestine, delivers dietary TGs to tissues and cholesterol to liver
Flashcard 18: Give the life cycle of VLDL.
Answer: created by liver, delivers hepatic TGs to peripheral tissues
Flashcard 19: Give the life cycle of IDL.
Answer: formed by degradation of VLDL in peripheral tissues, delivers TGs and cholesterol back to liver
Flashcard 20: What is the underlying defect and clinical presentation of Abetalipoproteinemia?
Answer: Deficiency of Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein (MTP) leading to decreased synthesis of Chylomicrons, VLDL, and LDL.
Extra: • Genetics: Autosomal Recessive (AR).
• Clinical features: Failure to thrive, steatorrhea, ataxia, night blindness.
• Lab/Morphology: Acanthocytes (spur cells), lipid-laden enterocytes on biopsy.
• Biochemical profile: Low levels of apoB-48 and apoB-100.
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