Lipid metabolism — Flashcards

Flashcard 91: What is the mode of inheritance of Niemann Pick disease? _____

Answer: Autosomal recessive

Flashcard 92: Vitamin E deficiency may cause _____ anemia and acanthocytosis (hematologic complications)

Answer: hemolytic

Flashcard 93: LDL only expresses a single copy of apoprotein _____ on its surface

Answer: B-100

Flashcard 94: _____ are a physical complex of lipids and proteins (apoproteins)

Answer: Lipoproteins

Flashcard 95: What two fatty acids are essential in humans? _____

Answer: Linoleic acid (omega-6), linolenic acid (omega-3)

Extra: Essential fatty acids are those that cannot be synthesized by the body because humans lack the desaturase enzymes to insert double bonds beyond carbon 9. Linoleic acid (omega-6) is a precursor for arachidonic acid. Alpha-linolenic acid (omega-3) is a precursor for EPA and DHA.

Flashcard 96: The first step of fatty acid synthesis is transport of _____ from the mitochondria to the cytosol through its shuttle

Answer: citrate

Flashcard 97: In the blood, chylomicrons pick up apoprotein _____ and _____ from circulating HDL

Answer: C-II

Flashcard 98: Apoprotein C-II is a cofactor and activator of the enzyme _____

Answer: LPL (lipoprotein lipase)

Flashcard 99: Which lipid transport enzyme is responsible for the degradation of triglycerides in the small intestine? _____

Answer: Pancreatic lipase

Flashcard 100: When membrane phospholipids are in the _____ (cis or trans) configuration, they cause decreased membrane fluidity

Answer: trans