Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Toxicity — Flashcards

Flashcard 281: Female patients should avoid getting pregnant for _____ after receiving acitretin treatment to prevent retinoid-induced embryopathy

Answer: 3 years

Flashcard 282: Which **amide** local anesthetic is considered the **least systemically toxic**?

Answer: Prilocaine

Extra: Prilocaine is considered the least systemically toxic **amide** local anesthetic because it is metabolized very rapidly (in both the liver and lungs). **Important Side Effect:** Its metabolite, *ortho-toluidine*, can cause **methemoglobinemia**, which is treated with intravenous methylene blue.

Flashcard 283: The most common hepatotoxin causing acute liver failure is _____

Answer: acetaminophen

Flashcard 284: _____ diluted with water is used to kill maggots in the nose

Answer: Chloroform

Flashcard 285: _____ is a highly selective NK1 receptor antagonist with an exceptionally long plasma half-life

Answer: Rolapitant

Flashcard 286: The most common cause of agranulocytosis is _____

Answer: drug toxicity

Flashcard 287: Is Naloxone useful in narcotic addicted mothers?_____

Answer: No

Flashcard 288: Which poisoning results in a **left shift** of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve and a **decreased oxygen-carrying capacity**?

Answer: Carbon monoxide poisoning

Flashcard 289: Which teratogenic drug leads to cutis laxa syndrome?_____

Answer: Penicillamine

Flashcard 290: Which anti-hypertensive drugs are associated with exacerbation of psoriasis?

Answer: Beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), and ARBs