Drug Toxicity and Overdose — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Drug of choice in paracetamol overdose:

Answer: N-acetylcysteine

Flashcard 2: In _____, the patient takes additional doses of the drug, without realizing it, which may lead to accidental poisoning

Answer: Drug automatism

Flashcard 3: The drug of choice for **early-onset (muscarinic)** mushroom poisoning is _______.

Answer: Atropine

Extra: Early-onset mushroom poisoning (e.g., *Inocybe*, *Clitocybe*) is characterized by muscarinic (SLUDGE) symptoms and is treated with **Atropine**. Late-onset mushroom poisoning (e.g., *Amanita phalloides*) causes hepatotoxicity due to amatoxins. Management includes **multidose activated charcoal (MDAC)** to interrupt enterohepatic circulation, and specific agents like **Silibinin** (Silymarin) or Penicillin G.

Flashcard 4: Mushroom poisoning presents with signs of _____pathetic excess.

Answer: Parasympathetic

Flashcard 5: Fomepizole is used as an antidote for overdoses of _____ or ethylene glycol

Answer: methanol

Flashcard 6: _____ poisoning causes PCT damage with proteinuria and muscle pain.

Answer: Bismuth

Flashcard 7: Succimer is used for severe _____ organic mercury poisoning

Answer: acute (acute/chronic)

Flashcard 8: Livedo reticularis is a side effect of _____

Answer: amantadine

Flashcard 9: Drugs with a _____ therapeutic index require therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM).

Answer: narrow

Extra: Mnemonic for Narrow Therapeutic Index (NTI) drugs: **W**atch **T**he **D**rug **L**evels **P**lease **A**lways (**W**arfarin, **T**heophylline, **D**igoxin, **L**ithium, **P**henytoin, **A**minoglycosides).

Flashcard 10: Classification of Adverse drug reactions (ADRs): - Type A: _____ - Type B: Bizarre - Type C: Chronic - Type D: Delayed - Type E: End of use - Type F: Failure

Answer: Augmented