Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Toxicity — Flashcards

Flashcard 261: Bisphosphonates are _____ (recommended/not recommended) to be administered with food.

Answer: not recommended (food impairs absorption)

Extra: Bisphosphonates should be taken on an empty stomach with a full glass of water. Food, especially those containing calcium/cations, significantly decreases their absorption. To minimize esophageal irritation (pill esophagitis), patients must remain upright for 30-60 minutes after ingestion.

Flashcard 262: Category _____: Varying and/or contradictory human and animal data

Answer: B

Flashcard 263: _____ dysfunction is one of the common adverse effects of albendazole

Answer: Liver

Flashcard 264: Which -vaptan is asssociated with injection site pain as an adverse effect?_____

Answer: Conivaptan

Flashcard 265: Which phase of clinical trials aims to confirm the efficacy and safety of a drug in a large patient population?

Answer: Phase III

Flashcard 266: Which phase of clinical trials aims to show safety and tolerability of the drug?_____

Answer: Phase I

Flashcard 267: Lithium is considered toxic above a level of > _____ mEq/L.

Answer: 1.5

Flashcard 268: Amphetamine intoxication is treated by _____ of urine.

Answer: Acidification

Flashcard 269: _____ is a 15-methyl synthetic derivative of PGF2 alpha used as an abortifacient and in refractory PPH

Answer: Carboprost

Flashcard 270: Which other local anesthetic apart from Benzocaine is associated wth methemoglobinemia?_____

Answer: Prilocaine