Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Toxicity — Flashcards

Flashcard 241: Propofol contains egg _____ and hence not necessarily contraindicated in patients with a history of egg allergy

Answer: lecithin

Flashcard 242: What is the side effect associated with Umifenovir?_____

Answer: allergic rashes

Flashcard 243: Which local anesthetic causes maximum methemoglobinemia?_____

Answer: Prilocaine

Flashcard 244: Which drug can lead to formation of fibrin ring granulomas?_____

Answer: Allopurinol

Flashcard 245: Hyponatremia risk with oxcarbazepine is _____ when compared to carbamazepine

Answer: higher (higher/lower)

Flashcard 246: What is the name of the severe allergic reaction caused by the rapid death of microfilariae following the administration of **Diethylcarbamazine (DEC)**?

Answer: Mazzotti reaction

Extra: The Mazzotti reaction is a severe systemic response observed following the administration of **Diethylcarbamazine (DEC)** for the treatment of microfilarial infections, most classically **Onchocerciasis**. It is caused by the release of antigens from the dying microfilariae, leading to symptoms such as fever, tachycardia, hypotension, and skin rash.

Flashcard 247: Adverse effects of ergot-derived dopamine agonists (e.g., bromocriptine) include cardiac and pleural _____

Answer: fibrosis

Extra: Ergot-derived dopamine agonists (e.g., bromocriptine, cabergoline, pergolide) are associated with tissue fibrosis (pleural, retroperitoneal, and cardiac valvular). Non-ergot dopamine agonists (e.g., pramipexole, ropinirole) are generally preferred because they do NOT cause these fibrotic complications. Their side effects instead include "sleep attacks" and impulse control disorders.

Flashcard 248: What is the cause of bronchospasm in opioid intoxication?_____

Answer: Histamine release

Flashcard 249: Which SERM is associated with a three-fold increased risk of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism?_____

Answer: Raloxifene

Flashcard 250: Immunosuppressants for anterior uveitis are studied under a program called _____

Answer: LUMINATE