NEET-PG 2020 - Radiology PYQs Practice Questions

Q: Identify the condition in the X-ray given below:

TOF. ***TOF*** - The chest X-ray shows a **boot-shaped heart (coeur en sabot)**, which is highly characteristic of **Tetralogy of Fallot** due to right ventricular hypertrophy and pulmonary artery hypoplasia. - There is also **reduced pulmonary vascular markings** (oligemia), indicating decreased blood flow to the lungs, a typical finding in TOF. *TGA* - Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA) typically presents with a **"egg-on-a-string" appearance** on chest X-ray, characterized by a narrow mediastinum and cardiomegaly, which is not seen here. - Pulmonary vascularity can be increased or normal in TGA, unlike the decreased vascularity observed in the image. *TAPVC* - Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection (TAPVC) usually shows a **"snowman" or "figure-of-8" heart** shadow on chest X-ray, due to enlarged SVC and innominate vein. - This condition is also associated with **increased pulmonary vascular markings** and often cardiomegaly, which are absent in the provided image. *Ebstein's anomaly* - Ebstein's anomaly is characterized by a **massively enlarged heart** on chest X-ray due to right atrial enlargement and tricuspid regurgitation. - It often shows **reduced pulmonary vascular markings** due to functional pulmonary stenosis, but the characteristic "boot shape" is not typically present. [Practice more Radiology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: The chest radiograph shown below is from a 25-year-old male patient presenting with hypertension. The image demonstrates bilateral inferior rib notching. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Coarctation of Aorta. ***Coarctation of Aorta*** - The chest radiograph shows findings consistent with **rib notching**, which is a classic sign of coarctation of the aorta due to increased collateral circulation through intercostal arteries. - The history of **hypertension** in a male patient, especially if presenting at a younger age or with differential blood pressures between upper and lower extremities, strongly suggests coarctation of the aorta. *Tetralogy of Fallot* - Characterized by a **boot-shaped heart** due to right ventricular hypertrophy and pulmonary outflow obstruction. - Would typically present with **cyanosis** and decreased pulmonary vascular markings, not rib notching or isolated hypertension. *Ebstein's Anomaly* - Involves apical displacement of the **tricuspid valve**, leading to atrialization of the right ventricle and severe tricuspid regurgitation. - Chest X-rays often show **severe cardiomegaly** (huge heart due to right atrial enlargement) and decreased pulmonary vascularity, which are not depicted here. *TAPVC* - Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) involves all pulmonary veins draining into the systemic circulation. - The classic chest X-ray finding for supracardiac TAPVC is a **"snowman" or "figure of 8" sign** due to dilated anomalous vessels and superior vena cava, which is absent in this image. [Practice more Radiology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Identify the imaging modality and the location of pathology shown in the image.

MCU with Bulbar urethral stricture. ***MCU with Bulbar urethral stricture*** - The image shown is a **Micturating Cystourethrogram (MCU)** because the bladder is filled with contrast and the urethra is being visualized during urination. - There is a clear **narrowing (stricture)** in the **bulbar portion of the urethra**, appearing as a segment with reduced caliber, consistent with a bulbar urethral stricture. *MCU with penile stricture* - While it is an MCU, the stricture is located in the **bulbar urethra**, which is proximal to the penile (pendulous) urethra. - A penile stricture would be seen further distally in the urethra. *RGU with membranous stricture* - This is an **MCU**, not a Retrograde Urethrogram (RGU), which is performed by inserting contrast from the urethral meatus. In an MCU, the contrast flows antegrade from the bladder. - A **membranous stricture** would be located more proximally, within the deep perineal pouch, between the bulbar urethra and the prostatic urethra. *RGU with prostatic stricture* - As mentioned, this is an **MCU**, not an RGU. - A prostatic stricture would be located within the **prostatic urethra**, which is much more proximal than the stricture seen in this image. [Practice more Radiology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Steeple sign is seen in which of the following conditions?

Acute laryngotracheobronchitis. ***Acute laryngotracheobronchitis*** - The **steeple sign** on an anteroposterior (AP) neck radiograph is a classic finding in acute laryngotracheobronchitis, also known as **croup**. - This sign refers to the **subglottic narrowing** of the trachea, resembling a church steeple, due to edema caused by viral infection. *Acute epiglottitis* - Acute epiglottitis is characterized by the **thumb sign** on a lateral neck radiograph, where the swollen epiglottis appears enlarged. - This condition involves inflammation primarily of the epiglottis, not the subglottic region. *Laryngeal papillomatosis* - Laryngeal papillomatosis is characterized by **wart-like growths** (papillomas) on the vocal cords and larynx, often leading to hoarseness. - Radiographically, it typically appears as irregular soft tissue masses, not the diffuse subglottic narrowing seen in croup. *Bilateral abductor paralysis* - Bilateral abductor paralysis involves the inability of both vocal cords to abduct, leading to a **fixed, narrowed glottic opening**. - This condition presents as a smooth, constant narrowing at the level of the vocal cords rather than the subglottic, conical narrowing of the steeple sign. [Practice more Radiology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: What is the angle shown in the image known as?

Cobb angle. ***Correct Option: Cobb angle*** - The image displays a method for measuring the angle of a spinal curvature, which is known as the **Cobb angle** - This measurement is routinely used to assess the severity of **scoliosis** by drawing lines parallel to the vertebral endplates at the extreme ends of the curve and then determining the angle between these lines - The Cobb angle is the **gold standard** for quantifying scoliosis and monitoring curve progression *Incorrect Option: Bohler angle* - The **Bohler angle** is a measurement used in the assessment of **calcaneal fractures** - It is formed by two lines drawn on a lateral foot X-ray and is not relevant to spinal deformities *Incorrect Option: Ferguson angle* - The **Ferguson angle**, also known as the lumbosacral angle, measures the angle of the sacral base relative to the horizontal - It describes the degree of **lordosis** and is not used to quantify scoliosis as depicted in the image *Incorrect Option: Baumann angle* - The **Baumann angle** is an important measurement used in pediatric orthopedics to assess the alignment of the **distal humerus** after a supracondylar fracture - It is irrelevant to spinal imaging and curvature assessment [Practice more Radiology PYQs on OnCourse]

Question 1

Identify the condition in the X-ray given below:

Accepted Answer

TOF

Answer

TGA

Answer

TAPVC

Answer

Ebstein's anomaly

Question 2

The chest radiograph shown below is from a 25-year-old male patient presenting with hypertension. The image demonstrates bilateral inferior rib notching. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Coarctation of Aorta

Answer

Tetralogy of Fallot

Answer

Ebstein's Anomaly

Answer

TAPVC

Question 3

Identify the imaging modality and the location of pathology shown in the image.

Accepted Answer

MCU with Bulbar urethral stricture

Answer

MCU with penile stricture

Answer

RGU with membranous stricture

Answer

RGU with prostatic stricture

Question 4

Steeple sign is seen in which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Acute laryngotracheobronchitis

Answer

Acute epiglottitis

Answer

Laryngeal papillomatosis

Answer

Bilateral abductor paralysis

Question 5

What is the angle shown in the image known as?

Accepted Answer

Cobb angle

Answer

Bohler angle

Answer

Ferguson angle

Answer

Baumann angle

Question 6

Which radiological finding is shown in the image?

Accepted Answer

Intussusception

Answer

Colon carcinoma

Answer

Sigmoid volvulus

Answer

Ileus

Question 7

The Barium Swallow examination shows a filling defect in the esophagus. What is the most probable diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Esophageal Carcinoma

Answer

Esophageal Ring

Answer

Esophageal Tear

Answer

Achalasia Cardia

Question 8

Identify the radiological sign of Ischemic colitis from the image provided.

Accepted Answer

Thumbprinting sign of Ischemic colitis

Answer

Diverticulitis

Answer

Appendicitis

Answer

None of the options

Question 9

A radiograph is obtained from a child with scoliosis. What is the name of the angle used to measure spinal curvature?

Accepted Answer

Cobb's Angle

Answer

Bohler's Angle

Answer

Ferguson's Angle

Answer

Pauwels' Angle

Question 10

Radiation Dose Monitoring in Occupational Workers is done by

Accepted Answer

TLD Badge

Answer

Collimators

Answer

Grid

Answer

Linear Accelerator

NEET-PG 2020 — Radiology