NEET-PG 2020 - Anatomy PYQs Practice Questions

Q: Which arch artery contributes to the formation of the aortic arch that influences the course of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve?

4th arch. ***4th arch*** - The **left fourth aortic arch artery** gives rise to the **aortic arch** distal to the origin of the left subclavian artery. - The left recurrent laryngeal nerve hooks around the **ductus arteriosus** (a remnant of the 6th arch artery) and the aortic arch, making its course dependent on the development of the 4th aortic arch [1]. *3rd arch* - The **third aortic arch arteries** primarily contribute to the formation of the common carotid arteries and the proximal part of the internal carotid arteries. - These arteries are located superior to the structures that influence the recurrent laryngeal nerve's path. *5th arch* - The **fifth aortic arch arteries** are **rudimentary** or absent in humans. - They do not significantly contribute to the formation of major arterial structures in the adult, nor do they influence the recurrent laryngeal nerve. *2nd arch* - The **second aortic arch arteries** give rise to the stapedial arteries, which usually regress. - They are not involved in the formation of the great vessels in the mediastinum or the course of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Identify the type of cartilage shown in the image.

Fibrocartilage. ***Fibrocartilage*** - The image displays **chondrocytes** arranged in rows between bundles of **collagen fibers**, characteristic of fibrocartilage. This structure provides high tensile strength and shock absorption. - Unlike other cartilage types, fibrocartilage lacks a distinct perichondrium and is found in structures requiring extreme strength, such as intervertebral discs and menisci. *Hyaline cartilage* - Hyaline cartilage has an amorphous, **glassy matrix** with chondrocytes typically arranged in small groups (isogenous groups) within lacunae, without prominent collagen bundles. - It is found in articular surfaces, tracheal rings, and the costal cartilages, providing smooth, low-friction surfaces. *Elastic cartilage* - Elastic cartilage is characterized by a high concentration of **elastic fibers** within its matrix, giving it flexibility and resilience. - Chondrocytes are typically scattered and the matrix stains darker due to the elastic fibers, which are not apparent in the image. *Dense connective tissue* - While dense connective tissue contains abundant **collagen fibers**, it lacks chondrocytes in lacunae, instead containing fibroblasts. - The presence of chondrocytes in the image confirms this is cartilage, not dense connective tissue. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: The image shows a highlighted region on the dorsal aspect of the hand (anatomical snuffbox). Which of the following anatomical structures form the boundaries or floor of this region?

All of the above anatomical structures.. ***All of the above anatomical structures.*** - The image highlights the **anatomical snuffbox**, a triangular depression on the radial dorsal aspect of the hand. Its boundaries are formed by the tendons of the **extensor pollicis longus muscle** (ulnar side), and the **abductor pollicis longus** and **extensor pollicis brevis muscles** (radial side). - The **styloid process of the radius** forms the floor of the anatomical snuffbox along with the scaphoid and trapezium bones. All the options listed are key anatomical features associated with this region. *Extensor pollicis longus muscle.* - This muscle forms the **ulnar (medial) border** of the anatomical snuffbox. - Its tendon can be palpated during **thumb extension** and contributes to the overall structure of the highlighted area. *Abductor pollicis longus muscle.* - This muscle, along with the extensor pollicis brevis, forms the **radial (lateral) border** of the anatomical snuffbox. - Its tendon is visible and palpable on the radial side of the highlighted region when the thumb is abducted. *Styloid process of the radius.* - This bony prominence is located at the **distal end of the radius** on the radial side of the wrist. - It forms part of the **proximal floor** of the anatomical snuffbox, contributing to its definition. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: In trochlear palsy, which specific eye movement is lost?

Downward gaze and inward rotation of the eye. ***Downward gaze and inward rotation of the eye*** - Trochlear palsy affects the **superior oblique muscle**, which is primarily responsible for **downward gaze** and **intorsion** (inward rotation) of the eye, particularly when the eye is adducted. - Patients often present with **vertical diplopia** and a **head tilt** away from the affected side to compensate for the eye misalignment. *Upward gaze* - Upward gaze is primarily mediated by the **superior rectus muscle** (innervated by the oculomotor nerve) and the **inferior oblique muscle** (also oculomotor nerve). - Trochlear nerve palsy does not directly impair the muscles responsible for moving the eye upwards. *Lateral movement of the eye* - **Lateral movement** (abduction) of the eye is controlled by the **lateral rectus muscle**, which is innervated by the **abducens nerve (CN VI)**. - A loss of lateral movement would indicate an abducens nerve palsy, not a trochlear nerve palsy. *Facial expressions* - **Facial expressions** are controlled by the muscles of facial expression, which are innervated by the **facial nerve (CN VII)**. - This is unrelated to the cranial nerves involved in eye movement. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Identify the type of joint in the image provided.

Synovial joint. ***Synovial joint*** - The image depicts a **costovertebral joint**, which connects a rib to a thoracic vertebra. These joints are **diarthrotic**, meaning they are freely movable, characteristic of synovial joints. - Synovial joints are characterized by the presence of a **synovial cavity**, articular cartilage, an articular capsule, and synovial fluid, allowing for a wide range of motion. *Syndesmosis* - A syndesmosis is a type of **fibrous joint** where two bones are joined by a ligament or a membrane, allowing for very limited movement, such as the distal tibiofibular joint. - This definition does not match the image, which shows a joint designed for movement between the rib and vertebra. *Synarthrosis* - Synarthrosis is a classification for **immovable joints**, such as sutures in the skull. - The costovertebral joints, as shown, allow for movement during respiration and are therefore not synarthrotic. *Symphysis* - A symphysis is a type of **cartilaginous joint** where bones are joined by **fibrocartilage**, allowing for slight movement. Examples include the pubic symphysis or intervertebral discs. - The costovertebral joint shown in the image is a synovial articulation, not a cartilaginous joint. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Question 1

Which arch artery contributes to the formation of the aortic arch that influences the course of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve?

Accepted Answer

4th arch

Answer

3rd arch

Answer

5th arch

Answer

2nd arch

Question 2

Identify the type of cartilage shown in the image.

Accepted Answer

Fibrocartilage

Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Answer

Elastic cartilage

Answer

Dense connective tissue

Question 3

The image shows a highlighted region on the dorsal aspect of the hand (anatomical snuffbox). Which of the following anatomical structures form the boundaries or floor of this region?

Accepted Answer

All of the above anatomical structures.

Answer

Abductor pollicis longus muscle.

Answer

Styloid process of the radius.

Answer

Extensor pollicis longus muscle.

Question 4

In trochlear palsy, which specific eye movement is lost?

Accepted Answer

Downward gaze and inward rotation of the eye

Answer

Upward gaze

Answer

Lateral movement of the eye

Answer

Facial expressions

Question 5

Identify the type of joint in the image provided.

Accepted Answer

Synovial joint

Answer

Syndesmosis

Answer

Synarthrosis

Answer

Symphysis

Question 6

Tumour of the uncinate process of the pancreas will compress which artery

Accepted Answer

Superior mesenteric artery

Answer

Inferior mesenteric artery

Answer

Common hepatic artery

Answer

Splenic artery

Question 7

Which of the following is a remnant of the Wolffian duct in females?

Accepted Answer

Gartner’s cyst

Answer

Pouch of Douglas

Answer

Uterovesical pouch

Answer

Broad ligament

Question 8

Stimulation of the external auditory canal leads to cough due to which nerve?

Accepted Answer

Auricular branch of vagus

Answer

Greater auricular nerve

Answer

Auriculotemporal nerve

Answer

Facial Nerve

Question 9

The patient is presenting with pain around the base of the thumb. Which tendons are likely involved?

Accepted Answer

APL & EPB

Answer

APB & EPL

Answer

APB & EPB

Answer

APL & EPL

Question 10

The most common site of origin of the diverticulum of the pharynx seen in the barium swallow given below is

Accepted Answer

Between thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus

Answer

Between stylopharyngeus and palatopharyngeus

Answer

Between middle and inferior constrictor

Answer

Between inferior constrictor and esophagus

NEET-PG 2020 — Anatomy